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The effectiveness of behavioral modification interventions for managing weight gain in pregnant women with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis

First page of the article Title: Insights into the complexities of symptom management for hemodialysis patients: a systematic review of qualitative studies Abstract: Patients undergoing hemodialysis experience a broad spectrum of symptoms that impact their physical, psychological, and social well-being. Traditional qualitative studies often focus on isolated aspects of patient experiences and offer limited insights into the interconnected nature of symptom management. This systematic review and meta-ethnography aims to synthesise qualitative studies and develop a comprehensive model that elucidates interrelations between patient experiences and symptom management practices in hemodialysis. Our analysis integrated findings from 30 qualitative studies using a meta-ethnographic approach. The results revealed critical psychological and social dynamics influencing symptom management. The model highlights how supportive factors, such as family involvement and effective healthcare interactions, enhance coping mechanisms, improving emotional resilience and treatment adherence. Conversely, it identifies significant barriers, including chronic self-regulatory burnout and systemic inefficiencies, that hinder symptom management and exacerbate psychological distress. By integrating diverse qualitative findings, this study proposes a shift towards patient-centred, culturally sensitive care strategies that prioritise psychological support. This shift aims to transform hemodialysis care by addressing the complex interplay of medical, psychological, and social factors. The developed framework not only facilitates deeper understanding of the psychological impacts of symptom management and offers a structured approach for future research and interventions in this domain[Q1].

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First page of the article. Title: Promoting physical activity during retirement age with psychological components: multilevel meta-analysis Abstract: Background: Physical activity is essential in preventing and treating age-related chronic diseases and mortality. Retirement is a key period to promote health behaviours, as individuals restructure their routines. Thus, we aimed to identify effective components and behaviour change techniques (BCTs) in interventions promoting physical activity in retirement-age individuals. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis. Included studies were randomised controlled trials that (p)targeted retirement-age adults (50–70 years), (i)applied BCTs, (c)had any comparator, and (o)promoted physical activity. Screening, full-text review, and data extraction were conducted independently by at least two reviewers. A multilevel random effects model with three effect sizes was fitted, and meta-regressions tested several moderators. Results: 67 studies (N = 12,147) were included. High risk of bias related to larger effects, so these studies were excluded from the main analyses. While individual effects were often non-significant, the overall pooled effect was small but statistically significant. Predictors varied across effect sizes and included action planning, motivational interviewing, and prompts/cues. Email and website delivery were associated with smaller effect sizes. Conclusions: The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions is heterogeneous and presented small effects; implementing action planning, motivational interviewing, and prompts could improve the effectiveness. However, many BCTs that are not frequently used remain unexplored.

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Screenshot of the first page of the article. Title: Digital Psychological Interventions for Adults in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Abstract: This study evaluates the effect of digital psychological interventions on anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms in adults affected by the pandemic. A systematic search across five digital databases, from 1 January 2020 to 6 March 2024, identified 36 studies encompassing 8,662 participants. Compared with all control conditions, random-effects meta-analyses indicated that digital psychological interventions significantly reduced anxiety (g = −0.374; 95% CI, −0.529 to −0.218), depression (g = −0.568; 95% CI, −0.776 to −0.360), and stress (g = −0.452; 95% CI, −0.608 to −0.295). Smaller effect sizes were observed when compared with active controls than with inactive controls. Notable heterogeneity across three outcomes was observed. Publication bias was noted in depression symptoms. Several moderators were identified compared with inactive controls, including participant type for anxiety (psubgroup = 0.005), and region for depression symptoms (psubgroup = 0.000). Larger sample sizes (b = 0.0004; p = 0.028) related to stronger effects on depression symptoms. Publication year positively correlated with effects on stress (b = 0.1573; p = 0.032). This study supports the efficacy of digital psychological interventions in alleviating anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms for adults during the pandemic, offering insights for developing targeted mental health strategies in future public health crises.

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Screenshot of first page of the article. Title: Theoretical mapping of the barriers and enablers to having bloodpressure checked among adults without a hypertensiondiagnosis: a systematic review and theoretical synthesis usingbehaviour change frameworks Abstract: Identifying influences on engagement with blood pressure (BP) checkscan assist with intervention design for hypertension detection. Thissystematic review searched four databases (Embase, Emcare, MEDLINEand Web of Science) for papers published from 2015 to 2023(PROSPERO ID: CRD42023398002). Eligible studies reported influenceson BP checks in community or primary care settings. Data were codedand mapped using the Action, Actor, Context, Target, Time frameworkand Behaviour Change Wheel. Analysis of 18 studies generated eightthemes: (1) ‘Difficult-to-use devices with no accessible information onhow to use them’ (2) ‘Lack of awareness about hypertension and BPchecks’, (3) ‘Stigma and disconnect with identity’ (4) ‘Beliefs about thevalue of BP checks’, (5) ‘Fear and uncertainty’, (6) ‘Lack of appropriateand comfortable local services’ (7) ‘Financial cost of engaging with BPcheck services’ and (8) ‘Social contacts or health professionalrecommended a check’. Knowledge, identity, emotions, social contactsand environmental factors are key behavioural influences on adults’engagement with BP checks. Potential intervention strategies includeeducation on hypertension, addressing misconceptions about BPchecks, increasing access to BP check services and harnessing theinfluence of social norms, social connections and trusted sources toimprove engagement

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A screenshot of the title of the article:Psychological, social and behavioural factors associated with disease/illness activity and adjustment to Lupus: a systematic review and meta-analysis And the abstract: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) bears a heavy toll on individuals’ psychological wellbeing and quality of life. Despite vital to the development of effective interventions, systematic and quantifiable knowledge on modifiable factors associated with adult SLE adjustment and disease/illness activity is currently lacking. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to bridge this gap, by examining the effects of modifiable psychological, social, and behavioural factors associated with SLE adjustment and disease/illness activity. Eight databases were searched for quantitative studies, using Boolean combinations of keywords on SLE adjustment, disease/illness activity and psychological, social, or behavioural correlates/predictors. Ninety studies were included in the narrative review, and fifty-four in the meta-analysis. The psychological factors more strongly associated with SLE adjustment and disease/illness activity were illness– and treatment-related illness- and treatment-related beliefs, self-perceptions, resilience-related factors, and perceived stress. Avoiding sedentary behaviour showed a consistent, albeit small association with better outcomes. Social factors were largely under investigated, but better perceived social support showed moderate associations with better outcomes. The meta-analysis f indings, which should be considered with caution due to high risk of bias, uncovered several potentially fruitful avenues for future research and highlight potentially relevant targets for psychosocial and behavioural interventions to improve quality of life of individuals with SLE.

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