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Page Playground: Using Web Serial in Firefox

Page Playground: Using Web Serial in Firefox

Firefox's browser engine, Gecko, added support for Web Serial in release 151. This opens up a fun new path for hardware-to-web experiments and experiences. To try it out, I built Page Playground: a device featuring a variety of novel input methods that allows me to point at elements on a web page and alter their colors, layout, text properties, and transforms in real time. It reveals the potential for powerful and intuitive user experiences integrating hardware with the web. Idea As seen in the video, the Page Playground can alter various properties of elements on a webpage. It creates a new and fun way to interact with a page, but you can imagine a lot of professional use cases for such a tool, too (like web development, style tweaking, etc). Assembly Adafruit stocks a great set of essentially plug-n-play parts, so getting this off the ground didn't take much time at all! I decided to use the MACROPAD RP2040 as the base of the device functionality, since it has a nice screen, rotary encoder, and 12 keys with RGB LEDs. This was plenty to work with already, but I also added: two more rotary encoders, an IMU (BNO085), a color/proximity sensor (APDS-9960), a joystick, and a slide potentiometer. All of these provide fun and different ways to interact with the webpage. The joystick and potentiometer are simple analog devices, so I needed to get another board to access those over I2C (because the MACROPAD doesn't expose anything other than I2C over a STEMMA QT port). Conveniently, my order was large enough that Adafruit provided a KB2040 for free :) MACROPAD The MACROPAD was very easy to assemble; I just had to add the key switches and caps, and a rotary encoder top (I didn't realize the bare bones kit didn't come with one, so I came up short one top, whoops).

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Getting my Fruit Jam Clock to Speak

Getting my Fruit Jam Clock to Speak

The Idea The Fruit Jam, with its built‑in audio, Wi‑Fi, HSTX display, SD card, generous memory, and other little goodies, is a fantastic platform for mixing creativity with a bit of technical magic. Add CircuitPython to the mix and you’ve got a wonderfully flexible development environment. With one of my Fruit Jams, I built a display that shows an analog clock face, rotates through an album of photos of my grandkids as the background, and pulls weather data from Adafruit IO that I can scroll through using an IR remote. With the built‑in TLV320 DAC, I also wanted it to sound like a clock — a really big clock. I wrote functions to synthesize polyphonic tones that mimic the classic Westminster Quarters every fifteen minutes, and at the top of each hour it plays a WAV file of a single church‑bell toll, repeated once for each hour. It turned into a great little project that let me explore different elements of CircuitPython and many parts of the Fruit Jam board. It’s been running for months now and has become a charming addition to my office. And the best part is that I can keep extending it whenever a new idea strikes. I Discovered Copilot Audio Expression The other day, while playing with Copilot, I noticed a link to Labs at the top of the screen. Clicking through, I found Copilot Audio Expression, described as “an experimental tool designed for effortless audio creation using Copilot’s latest voice‑generation models.” You simply type a word or phrase, and it “speaks” it for you — then you can download the result as an MP3. A few quick prompts and some experimenting with the different settings sparked an idea: Why not make my Fruit Jam clock talk? Everything old is new again... Stringing together audio samples to form phrases is nothing new — people have been doing it for decades, long before digital audio. One of my earliest Learn Guide projects, the Titano Weather Station, used prerecorded samples as alarms (“time for bed”). But once you go beyond a handful of words, the challenge grows quickly. A talking clock or calendar needs nearly a hundred different clips: dates, day names, months, ordinals, and more. Gathering, recording, editing, and normalizing all of that becomes a real chore. That’s where this new AI tool shines. I can generate clean, consistent audio samples for every word or phrase I need in just a few minutes. So let’s build a Fruit Jam clock that can announce the time and date. Step by Step This article focuses specifically on adding the talking capability to my existing Fruit Jam clock project. The display, weather integration, IR remote navigation, and Westminster chimes are all already in place — and I can cover those in a future article if there’s interest. For now, we’ll walk through the audio‑generation workflow that makes the clock speak. The overall process breaks down into four main steps: 1.     Generate all the required words and phrases using Copilot Audio Expression 2.     Convert the MP3 files to WAV format using FFmpeg 3.     Organize the files on the SD card and create logical CircuitPython lists 4.     Write functions that assemble and play the spoken phrases Generating the samples For my project, I needed the Fruit Jam to be able to speak: The time (hours, minutes, AM, PM, noon, midnight) The date (day name, month name, ordinal date, year) The quarter hours (“quarter past”, “half past”, “quarter til”) And as a bonus: holidays, special days, and fun extras  Copilot Audio Expression made this surprisingly easy. Before we dive in, note that Copilot Audio Expression is part of Copilot AI Labs and is marked as experimental. It may change or disappear at any time. The site I used is: Copilot Audio Expression Website. Copilot Audio Expression Website

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Moon Miner Arcade Game for the Adafruit Fruit Jam

Moon Miner Arcade Game for the Adafruit Fruit Jam

Moon Miner is a retro-styled arcade game reminiscent of the Lunar Lander arcade game from the 1980s. Your mission is to retrieve minerals from various moons around the solar system. It is a physics-based game, where you must navigate your rocket ship based on gravity and thrust to make a safe landing for retrieving minerals. Achieve a successful landing by reducing speed to near zero and keeping the lander upright on designated flat areas. It is available to play on the Adafruit Fruit Jam. Features The game employs physics to maneuver based on gravity. The game takes into account each moon has different gravitational properties. A heads-up display shows mission flight data in real-time. Complete the mission of collecting gems and your best time to complete the mission is saved. Play again to beat your best time. There are several ways you can die. Make sure you land on a horizontal surface at a safe velocity (and watch out for volcanos). Use fuel locations when running low on fuel. Some locations can be revisited again for additional fuel. Four missions are included. Written entirely in CircuitPython for the Adafruit Fruit Jam. The full learn guide, including download and installation instructions can be found at the author's web site at https://danthegeek.com/2025/12/28/moon-miner-learn-guide/  

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Christmas Tree & Star Lights with Node-Red

Christmas Tree & Star Lights with Node-Red

Introduction We have a 1960's era aluminum Christmas tree. For the time that we've had it we've relied on newer and slightly less dangerous color wheels, then stage lighting. When we moved we didn't bring any of the lighting with us. I decided to string the poles of the tree with LEDs. The prior year I made a star topper which used a Bluefruit for lighting. This year I added 24 LEDs for the star that plug into the highest string on the poles. Design The current design is written in CircuitPython. For communication it relies on MQTT and Node-Red. Everything worked great, however, after I worked on a different LED project that used WLED, I think I'll convert this project to WLED. I'm not going to delete this code base, I think it has some interesting implementation features and is worth preserving. Infrastructure-wise with either implmentation you will need: MQTT - you can use AdafruitIO or build your own. In my implementation I set up a broker on a RaspberryPi 4 Model B running Debian Bookworm and Mosquitto. Node-Red - my Node-Red journey is chronicled here. Parts Code Tree & Star The code can be found on Github As I was coding this project, I found myself thinking I was going to be reusing a lot of it. So I repurposed an old project and replaced what was there with new helper classes. I did run into an issue where I could not get the LED Animation library to play nicely with MQTT. I tried a few things, including asyncio, and ended up posting on the forums. mikeysklar came to the rescue and you'll see his contribution in the code. The tree has 196 LEDs and the star has 24. data = { 'tree_animations': ['multi_chase'] ,'star_animations': ['rainbow_sparkle'] ,'num_pixels' : 220 ,'tree_pixel_subset': [0, 195] ,'star_pixel_subset': [196, 24] ... } Libraries Needed import json import board import time import os import neopixel import adafruit_logging import wifi import supervisor import adafruit_connection_manager import adafruit_minimqtt.adafruit_minimqtt from adafruit_led_animation.group import AnimationGroup from adafruit_minimqtt.adafruit_minimqtt import MMQTTException from adafruit_led_animation.sequence import AnimationSequence from adafruit_led_animation.helper import PixelSubset from circuitpy_helpers.led_animations import animationBuilder from circuitpy_helpers.led_animations import controlLights from circuitpy_helpers.led_animations import updateAnimationData from circuitpy_helpers.file_helpers import updateFiles from circuitpy_helpers.calendar_time_helpers import timeHelper from circuitpy_helpers.network_helpers import wanChecker Featured Highlights The tree subscribes to the following MQTT feeds: tree.lights - listens for events from Node-Red to update animation, start time, stop time home.time - listens for events from home hub in order to know when to stop or start the lights home.sunset - listens for events from home hub in order to know current sunset, uses this for start time In order to take events from tree.lights and actually change the running animation and colors, I needed to be able to do a couple of things: Have a list of supported animations - this is done via the animations.json file Be able to override the default values for animations Be able to on-the-fly update the data file to implement the new animation/colors choice When the code first starts it will check if there are overrides for the chosen animation and do an in-line replacement of those values. It will then check to see what the color selection is. Color choice is specified in the animations.json file and can be: random - a random color will be selected data - in the data file, for each animation is an entry for color. A string representation of the color can be provided or a the name of a color_palette. Once up and running, about every 30 seconds, the animations will pause long enough for the code to query MQTT for any updates. If a new message arrives the code will update the data file with the appropriate information and perform a supervisor.reload(). You can also change the start and stop times or disable them so that the lights will run continually. When using start and stop times; when the criteria is met to do either, the code will light sleep until the alarm is met. Case I used OpenSCAD and the YAPP Box (Yet Another Parametric Project Box Generator) library from mrWheel for the Feather case. This library is well documented and has a lot of features. I found a star on Thingiverse years ago and downloaded the SCAD file. I re-mixed it for my own needs. Unfortunatly now I cannot find the Thing anymore. If you recognize the code as yours please let me know so I can give you proper credit.

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Rust on Adafruit RP2040 Feather ThinkInk (JD79661 E-Paper)

Rust on Adafruit RP2040 Feather ThinkInk (JD79661 E-Paper)

I wanted to share my experience experimenting with Rust on the Adafruit RP2040 Feather ThinkInk board, specifically using a bare E-Paper display. Hardware: Adafruit RP2040 Feather ThinkInk (https://www.adafruit.com/product/5727) Bare EPD display (JD79661 chipset): {https://www.adafruit.com/product/6373) Background I went through all the official tutorials for the ThinkInk Feather: https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-rp2040-feather-thinkink The provided examples are excellent, but they currently focus on CircuitPython and Arduino. Adafruit already provides solid drivers for the JD79661 chipset, and the display is also well supported in the Arduino ecosystem via the GxEPD2 library: https://github.com/ZinggJM/GxEPD2 This made me curious: can I do the same thing in Rust? Rust on RP2040 The RP2040 has very good Rust support thanks to the rp-rs ecosystem. A great starting point is the RP2040 project template: https://github.com/rp-rs/rp2040-project-template There is also an existing HAL board definition for the Adafruit Feather RP2040 here: https://github.com/rp-rs/rp-hal-boards/tree/main/boards/adafruit-feather-rp2040 While it’s not an exact match for the ThinkInk Feather, it’s close enough to serve as a solid base, with only minor adjustments needed. Driver work At the moment, there is no native Rust driver for the JD79661 E-Paper controller. To move forward, I implemented a custom Rust driver, based directly on the source code from Adafruit’s CircuitPython and Arduino implementations. Once the low-level driver was in place, everything integrated nicely with the Embedded Graphics framework. Rendering text and images worked as expected. As a proof of concept, I was able to: Convert a JPG image to BMP Render and display it correctly on the E-Paper display Results & Code All of my experiments and findings are documented here: https://github.com/melastmohican/adafruit-feather-thinkink-discovery The repository includes: Project setup for Rust on the ThinkInk Feather A custom JD79661 driver Examples using Embedded Graphics Notes on differences between the standard Feather RP2040 and the ThinkInk variant Closing thoughts Overall, Rust works very well on the RP2040, and bringing up an E-Paper display was quite feasible even without an existing driver. Hopefully this helps others who want to explore Rust + E-Paper + Adafruit hardware.

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LoRa Wireless Greenhouse Monitor

LoRa Wireless Greenhouse Monitor

Overview This project uses 900 MHz RFM95W LoRa FeatherWing modules to transmit temperature measurements from greenhouses and receive them at a base station about half a kilometer away. The base station hardware outputs sensor reports over USB serial, an optional 2x16 Character LCD, and an optional ESP-NOW gateway. The LoRa radio settings are tuned for extended battery life at a range of up to 500m in suburban or rural conditions (non line of sight with limited obstructions). With a fully charged 400 mAh LiPo battery and a 9 minute reporting interval, typical sensor runtime should be about 4 weeks (~22µA deep sleep current, ~2667ms of time per wake cycle, ~0.222 coulombs of charge per wake cycle). To optimize the transmitter for running on a small LiPo cell, I used a Nordic nRF-PPK2 power analyzer to tune the firmware. Some of the power saving tricks I used include reducing the cpu frequency, putting the RFM95W radio in sleep mode, putting the MAX17048 fuel gauge in hibernate mode, and using ESP32-S3 deep sleep. To compare the impact of different changes, I took extensive measurements using Nordic's Power Profiler app with the PPK2 connected to the Feather board's battery jack and GPIO outputs. Transparency note: Adafruit provided some of the parts I used for this guide (Thanks Adafruit!). Related Projects For logging, charting, and IRC status notifications, check out my related projects: serial-sensor-hub irc-display-bot.

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NeoKey TOTP Token

NeoKey TOTP Token

Overview This is a two factor authentication token to generate TOTP login codes for up to four accounts. You can select which account by pressing a key on the 4-key NeoKey keypad. The design is intended for desktop use in a safe location (wall power + no worries of physical tampering) but where you do want to prevent secrets from leaking over the network due to mis-configured cloud-sync backup features or whatever. Design Goals and Features: Make the codes really easy to read and type, even in low light, by using a dimmable backlit TFT display with a relatively large font. Support 4 TOTP account slots (one for each key of a 4-key NeoKey keypad). The NeoPixel under the key for the currently selected account slot lights up. Pressing a different key switches the selected account. Pressing the selected key a second time puts the token in standby mode (backlight and NeoPixels off). Store secrets in an I2C EEPROM rather than in the CLUE board's flash. This makes it so the secrets aren't trivially accessible to a connected computer as USB mass storage files. This way, they won't get accidentally sucked into backups, and malware would have to work harder to access them. Set DS3231 RTC time from the USB serial console by opening the REPL, importing the util module, then calling util.set_time(). Add and manage TOTP accounts in the EEPROM's database of account slots by using similar REPL functions (import util then util.menu()). Use the token fully airgapped after initial setup by powering it from a phone charger and reading codes off the TFT display.

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Building a Sci-Fi Movie Prop

Building a Sci-Fi Movie Prop

Overview A local production company is working on filming the first of a three-part sci-fi movie and needed a piece of scientific equipment for a laboratory scene. The executive producer/director found an obsolete flow cytometer analyzer in a government surplus sale, winning the bid for US$12. The device had the potential to look like a working DNA synthesizer with the addition of lighting and a bit of animation. In its day, the analyzer was a high-quality device that was robustly built to provide exceptional mechanical stability for its sensitive optical components. It was therefore quite heavy in spite of its size, requiring at least two persons to lift and position, which would increase the challenge to modify for use in the film. It was not a typical theatrical prop made from foam and balsa wood, for certain. I was tasked with installing color lighting to enhance the device’s operational appearance for its brief appearance on-screen. To achieve this, I devised a plan to incorporate several NeoPixel LED strips, which would be controlled by a CircuitPython-based microcontroller, such as the Adafruit M4 Express Feather. The multi-colored NeoPixel LEDs could be strategically positioned both within and outside the device, thereby providing ambient illumination and symbolizing various functions, including sample loading and the incubation process. Given that the initial device employed industrial-grade servos (specifically, three IMS MDI-17 Drive Plus Motion Control motors) for sample positioning and operating the sample fluid “sipper” needle, there was a preliminary aspiration to incorporate robotic physical movements beyond the lighting sequence. However, this objective was deferred due to the imminent project deadline, so a short puppetry cable would likely be attached to the sample positioning cam to animate movement of the test tube rack.

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LoRa Touchscreen Pager and Tracker for Private Off-Grid Messaging

LoRa Touchscreen Pager and Tracker for Private Off-Grid Messaging

About this Pager You can build this touchscreen off-grid pager that uses LoRa and optionally GPS for location and tracking. This device lets you create (or join) a group of up to 90 devices in a private mesh network where you can send/receive messages, share location, and more. You never know when you're going to need to be able to send messages between nearby family or friends, where cell phones don't work. You can also use these in combination with other devices (T-Deck, T-Beam, etc) and figure out where different devices are - even without having phones/internet/data. That can be really handy if you're hiking or camping in a far-out location. How it's Built I designed a very simple PCB that accepts a few Adafruit components, that when combined with specialized firmware, become an off-grid communication device ready to be dropped into a 3D printed enclosure You can make the PCB (gerber files are included in this project) or order it from PCBWay The Adafruit parts are listed further down, but include Adafruit's RFM95W LoRa, 2.8" TFT Touchscreen with EYESPI & SD, Realtime Clock,  FRAM, and a few other things After assembling these things, you'll need to flash it with firmware, which takes only a minute or so Assembling the Pager Here's a video demo of assembling the pager. Full detailed instructions are also available at my website: Full DIY Instructions

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Pyboom - A game for the Fruit Jam

Pyboom - A game for the Fruit Jam

Py-Boom Py-Boom is a fast-paced, 8-bit-style arcade game written in CircuitPython for the Adafruit Fruit Jam and other compatible display boards. This game is a modern take on a classic "catcher" formula, featuring both a single-player mode against an AI and a competitive two-player versus mode. Game Modes At the title screen, you can select your game mode: 1-Player Mode: You control the Bucket (P1) at the bottom of the screen. An AI-controlled Bomber moves at the top, dropping bombs at an increasing rate. Your goal is to catch as many bombs as possible to survive the level. 2-Player Mode: Player 1 controls the Bucket, and Player 2 controls the Bomber. P1's goal is to survive, while P2's goal is to drop bombs strategically to make P1 miss. How to Play P1 (Bucket) - The Catcher Goal: Catch every bomb that is dropped. If you miss a bomb, you lose one of your buckets (lives). If you lose all three, the game is over. Winning: If you (P1) successfully catch all bombs in a level (e.g., 10 bombs in Level 1), you win the round and advance to the next, more difficult level. P2 (Bomber) - The Attacker Goal: Make P1 miss! You have a limited number of bombs per level. Use your movement and timing to drop bombs where P1 isn't. Winning: If you (P2) successfully make P1 lose all three of their buckets, you win the game! Controls Action Player 1 (Bucket) Player 2 (Bomber) Move Left A key Left Arrow key Move Right D key Right Arrow key Drop Bomb N/A Down Arrow key Start / Ready Space bar Enter key Other Controls Select Mode: On the title screen, press the 1 or 2 key. Restart Game: On the "Game Over" screen, press the R key to return to the title screen. Required Files To run this game, you will need the following files on your CircuitPython device: code.py: The main game code. The Fruit Jam OS library package.  pyboom.bmp: The title screen logo. bomb_icon.bmp: The bomb sprite icon (used in development). Download at: Pyboom Git Hub     Background This project was started on Microsoft Make Code for my Pygamer and was called Prison Break. With the introduction of the Fruit Jam I wanted to port this over to Circuit Python. The graphics in Make Code (MC) are saved in a TypeScript file so I had to copy the codes for the sprites over to my Circuit Python. I used the AI tools that are part of Visual Studio Code (VS) the develop functions to map the sprites maps into bitmaps and tile grids. I continued to use the AI tools to help convert the Python code from MC. I mostly used Gemini as I have 3 months of premium from purchasing my phone. Though there were times where Gemini would get stuck on fixing issues it was making so I would switch to the free tokens in VS and use Claude or Chat-GPT. I ran out of free tokens in VS and moved on to Gemini for versions 2 and 3 of the game. I am in the process of uploading my prompts that I still have access to (I lost my VS conversations :( ) and hope to have them done in the next week. I also hope to get controllers setup and maybe make paddle controllers in the future. I found this a fun project to learn Circuit Python and coding with AI. I'm still learning the concepts of using classes and learned a lot while looking at the errors the AI was coming up with.

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Fizzgig

Fizzgig

I built Fizzgig and would like to share a few notes on my build (made in October 2025). I hope that this is helpful to anyone attempting to build it as well. I had a lot of fun building it! Speaker I tried using an external speaker connected with the headphone jack cable. It turned out that this speaker is not deactivated when no sound is played, and it produces very loud white noise (this happens with any speaker connected via this connection). Thankfully, the Adafruit support team reproduced this, and it seems that this behaviour cannot be resolved. So I went along with the oval mini speaker that is connected to the board via PicoBlade. To improve its sound a little, I attached the speaker to a Tic Tac box as a resonator, which worked quite well. Servo / Jaw I used lots of hot glue to attach all the hair, so the jaw became rather heavy. I attached some cardboard to the jaw to stabilise it, but this was not enough to support the weight. As a result, the jaw would not close properly. To resolve this, I stabilised the jaw with ice cream sticks. I also extended the servo horn with a piece of carbon tube. I could securely fix this to the servo horn using heat shrink tube with hot glue. My extended servo horn ends in a grommet made out of another piece of carbon tube with a larger diameter that I glued to the jaw. This makes the placement of the servo a lot easier and the connection more stable. I thought about also adding a spring taken out of a retractable pen to the servo horn extension to help the servo along. In my build, this was not possible to integrate, but there may be setups where adding a spring is possible and makes sense. Since I could not use a spring, I added a counterweight in the part where the servo horn ends. I glued in a screw and added two nuts for added weight. This helps the servo along. Code I used the UF2 file provided in the instruction. I would have liked to change the code to reduce the jaw opening angle (this would have enabled me to use a spring). Adafruit support pointed me to the code, and I was able to identify the place where the servo angles are defined. In my current Arduino IDE, the code would compile successfully, and the IDE even told me that the code had been successfully transferred to the board. However, CIRCUITPY was still visible as a drive after this supposedly successful transfer, and I had to re-upload the original UF2 file to go back to that version. I re-tried with several different methods, but I was not able to make the compiled code transfer to the board successfully. This may be due to my inability, since I am not very experienced using microcontrollers at all. If you are planning to alter the code, do check if it works for you before making your build. Wig It makes a lot of sense to buy a wig with really long hair. The instructions advise to cut off the hair along the longest section. I did this, but it would have made more sense to plan ahead to first check where the nose will go. Most hair under the nose will not be needed, as that's where the mouth goes. Depending what your particular wig looks like, it may be better to keep the long hair in the back and trim under the nose.  Also, the hair will be all over the place when you're done. I styled my Fizzgig's hair with transparent lacquer from a spray can. This was necessary especially around the eyes and the nose. Frame I built a wooden frame for my Fizzgig. I had originally used a cardboard box, but for more stability I replaced it with a wooden frame that basically had the same dimensions. My frame is about 31 x 18 x 10 cm. The required dimensions very much depend on the size of the wig and the length of the hair.

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Reviving My Netduino 2 (without the .Net MF)

Reviving My Netduino 2 (without the .Net MF)

The Netduino series of boards have been around for several decades and saw a limited level of success for the first decade or so. However, as a development ecosystem they haven't stood the test of time. The original development toolchain has gone into abandonment and been archived. But as a hardware platform, they are a still great boards, especially the Netduino 2 and later, with fully supported mainstream processors. You might not be able to use .Net or C#, but with toolsets from Arduino and STMicroelectronics you can still create amazing things with these easy-to-use Arduino compatible boards. Don't throw them away! The notes below describe how I rediscovered their usefulness, albeit with a different set of tools. Some History I've had two Netduino 2's sitting in my electronics box for years, more years than I'm willing to admit. During that time, I'd done very little with them. When I originally bought them, Visual Studio was my daily development environment, and I knew my way around it quite well. I'd tinkered for a bit with an Arduino, but I was eager to use .Net and Visual Studio on this new device. I did build a few things with them, but frankly they didn't grab my interest and at the time, the much more powerful Raspberry Pi was drawing my attention away. So, these boards were relegated to the back of my toolbox. They seemed to be pretty content there, and I kept them cool and dry, so we were all happy for the time being.

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AIO-Connected Workshop Thermal Camera

AIO-Connected Workshop Thermal Camera

An Adafruit IO - connected, CircuitPython remote thermal camera. Project Objective To observe thermal conditions out in my remote laboratory (i.e., the workshop bench in the detached garage), I previously installed an Adafruit IO (AIO) connected corrosion monitoring system that watches conditions inside and outside of the garage. The corrosion monitor consists of an interior temperature/humidity sensor and, thanks to AIO Plus, correlates with exterior weather conditions. However, from the temperature/humidity sensor's perspective, if a door or window is left open it takes far too long to detect the issue. It would be ideal to be able to "see" if a relatively small area inside the workshop has experienced a temperature change relative to the bulk of the air in the space. An added benefit would be to detect human motion in the workshop area or to discover if the soldering iron was accidentally left on. Requirements Periodically capture and upload a thermal image of a critical portion of the workshop. Monitor for temperature extremes and upload an image when exceeded. Detect human motion and upload an image. Provide a local color display with automatic brightness control. Continuously update the local display image at least twice a second to quickly detect motion and respond to thermal events. Upload the captured thermal image on a remotely accessible AIO dashboard page via the local WiFi network. Upload bitmap image payload to AIO in less than 10 seconds. Power from a USB 5-volt wall wart. Future and Nice-to-Have Blank the screen when motion has not been detected for a preset amount of time (screen saver). SD Card storage of images and temperature statistics with historical view UI. Trigger AIO notification events related to motion or alarm settings. Upload minimum, average, maximum temperature values with image; display on dashboard. Interface to Apple HomeKit. Capture local audio. Live MEMENTO photo overlay. To speed up prototyping and algorithm development, CircuitPython was the choice for the software side of things. Besides, the code needed for creating images with a thermal camera and for reliable communication with AIO already exists in other projects that I've recently developed.

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GPS Tracker Coding in CircuitPython - Going Down the AI Rabbit Hole

GPS Tracker Coding in CircuitPython - Going Down the AI Rabbit Hole

The Idea I've lately been dabbling with AI coding assistance and have been impressed with what it can do. So, I thought I'd do a whole project from scratch using several boards I have been meaning to do something with. I thought I'd also take you all on the journey and maybe you will find this useful. I will use this Playground article to document the process. I will go through the components and assembly, list the prompts I used with the AI tool to build the code, and share what value this new tool gives me.  The Build The project is a GPS tracker. In a nutshell a GPS module, an OLED display and an AdaLogger board. Here are the components I used: Design Choices I chose these components for simplicity. Choosing an AdaLogger for the microprocessor gives me an SD card to log the output and gives me one Neopixel, a separate LED I can use as an indicator and an extra input button with board.BUTTON. The OLED display, although small (128x32), can convey a lot of information if done well, plus it gives me three input buttons for controls. The GPS board just works well with little effort.   Assembly Since the Feather ecosystem is perfectly modular, assembly was simple: Solder headers on to the microprocessor, GPS FeatherWing and the OLED FeatherWing Solder the sockets on to the Feather Tripler Prepare the AdaLogger by inserting a formatted SD card and attach the LiPo battery to the connector.  Insert a coin cell into the GPS module Plug the three boards into the Tripler - I used a couple of rubber bands and a small piece of foam on the bottom to hold it all together That's all there is to it! With that - we are (almost) ready to code.

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Countdown Complete: It's finally here! 🎉 Upgraded Actions on IO - How to do Math(ematics)

Countdown Complete: It's finally here! 🎉 Upgraded Actions on IO - How to do Math(ematics)

Blockly has been slowly worming it's way into Adafruit IO, with a first edition replicating the old Action forms. Now the latest release brings the wealth of features we've been dreaming of, allowing great complexity! Will you be the first to bring down the house of cards/servers? Let us know in the forums if you do (or run into other issues)! Let's start off with something simple, how to subtract one from a feed value (as a countdown)... We'll explore a quick yet complex multi-action example, changing LED colour based on air quality, and additionally a Utility Light mode using the onboard button to request 30seconds of Bright White Light (useful in a kitchen). Setup a Wippersnapper device Adafruit IO has a devices page, which shows the special "Wippersnapper" devices, these run the arduino firmware that allows wifi connected boards to easily connect and configure components (inputs/outputs/sensors) with no code. Each component then has associated feeds for interacting with, so using the on board button becomes child's play. Install wippersnapper, you're best off finding the learn guide for your board and then locate the Wippersnapper pages. Alternatively there is a quick start guide, or just do the usual hacky thing and have a go with no prior knowledge... Visit this link (https://io.adafruit.com/devices/new) when signed in to be taken to the New Device setup page, then select your board and follow the onscreen instructions. (You need an IO page open when the board first connects to accept the registration request).

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Adafruit Memento Time-lapse w/ online upload & email notification

Adafruit Memento Time-lapse w/ online upload & email notification

Adafruit Memento Time-lapse Camera with Online Upload and Email Notification This guide shows how to turn your Adafruit Memento (ESP32-S3) board into a time-lapse camera that: - Captures images on a schedule or with a button press - Uploads them to Adafruit IO over Wi-Fi - Triggers email notifications using a feed - All using CircuitPython and the PyCamera library! What You Need - Adafruit Memento Board: https://www.adafruit.com/product/5843 - microSD card (optional, for GIF recording) - USB-C cable - Wi-Fi network - Adafruit IO account: https://io.adafruit.com - CircuitPython is installed on the Memento Setup 1. Installing CircuitPython To install CircuitPython on the Adafruit Memento, I followed this official guide by Anne Barela and John Park: 🔗 [Memento Camera Quick Start Guide – Install CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/memento-camera-quick-start-guide/install-circuitpython) That page walks you through how to: - Put the board into bootloader mode (double-tap reset) - Drag the `.uf2` file onto the board - Verify that the **CIRCUITPY** drive appears Make sure you use **CircuitPython 9.0.0 or later** to avoid filesystem corruption issues. 2. Install Libraries - adafruit_io  - adafruit_requests.mpy   - adafruit_ntp.mpy - adafruit_logging.mpy  - adafruit_pycamera   - adafruit_ov5640   - adafruit_connection_manager.mpy   - gifio.mpy   - bitmaptools.mpy   - ulab (folder) 3. Create settings.toml file on CIRCUITPY with this: CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "YourNetworkName" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "YourNetworkPassword" ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME = "your_username" ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY = "your_aio_key" 4. Main Code Paste the following into code.py on your CIRCUITPY drive: What I did - I used the fancy camera CircuitPython code by Anne Barela and John Park, and the Doorbell Camera code by Brent Rubell to help create the code above.  - My main focus was to get photos uploaded to Adafruit IO with the timelapse and camera shutter options. How It Works - The camera connects to Wi-Fi and Adafruit IO - Takes snapshots using the shutter button or on a time-lapse interval - Encodes image data as base64 and uploads to Adafruit IO feed - Sends a "trigger" signal to another feed to notify you via email 5. Set up Feeds on Adafruit IO - Go to io.adafruit.com - Click on the tab 'IO' - Go to Feeds and create two. I set up a 'camera' feed and a 'camera-trigger' feed. - The "camera" feed will take photo uploads, and the "camera-trigger" feed gets a 1 or 0; this is used to trigger an automated email action.

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