SCAPE

@coastarch.bsky.social

SCAPE works with the public to research, investigate, interpret and promote the archaeology of Scotland’s coast. https://scapetrust.org/

Evidence of coastal change is a vital part of SCAPE’s coastal surveys - but it’s not always easy to picture change over time. Our fantastic volunteers lined up along the position of the shoreline at Tentsmuir and the Eden Estuary 120 years ago, showing how much the coastal landscape has changed.

On the Eden Estuary erosion is at work, revealing hidden archaeological sites or washing them away forever.In parts of Tentsmuir the old shoreline is now almost completely out of sight, showing just how dramatic this change has been.

YOU WILL NOT PASS Etched into this remarkable concrete anti-tank cube is the famous anti-fascist slogan "NO PASARAN" alongside a cartoon-like sketch of an enemy soldier. Could its creator have fought in the Spanish Civil War before returning home to defend Scotland's coast? Press articles below>>>

Cartoon-like drawing of an enemy soldier with the words No Pasaran and You Will Not Pass etched alongside in the wet concrete of the anti-tank cube at Tentsmuir.

More fantastic WW2 graffiti on anti-tank cubes along the Tentsmuir stretch of the Fife Coastal Survey. They capture the moment marks were drawn into the fresh concrete. This cube "The Kiddies" has personal touch: a smiling British soldier in his unmistakable Brodie helmet. #coastarch

This concrete anti-tank block is covered in WW2 graffiti that includes a smiling British soldierAfter almost 86 years it is a bit hard to read! This photogrammetry model (thanks to Mike Arrowsmith!) helped to decipher the detail.

Exciting find from the Fife Coastal Survey: graffitied WW2 anti-tank cubes! Inscribed with "AMPC 56 Company 1940 True Pines" - the company of Auxiliary Military Pioneer Corps who constructed them. But the final line is a mystery... Do you recognise "True Pines"? #coastarch #WW2 #truepines

WW2 anti-tank cube with graffiti

Storms exposed an exciting site this winter at Lunan Bay in Angus - the imprints of human and animal feet in clay. Fortunately two locals spotted them. It is always worth checking the coastline, particularly after heavy storms. Good work all! www.abdn.ac.uk/news/25127/ #Archaeology

Storms reveal rare 2,000-year-old footprints on Scottish beach

Storms which recently ravaged Britain's coastline have revealed 2,000-year-old footprints on an Angus beach - one of only a handful of locations in the UK where markings of this kind have ever been di...

abdn.ac.uk

#5- our final pick in our highlights of 2025 - the discovery of a photo archive of Zulu herring drifters at Findorn linked to the fishing boat graveyard we investigated with Findhorn Heritage in 2015. This stunning set of stereoscopic glass plates show them on the shore in 1917.

BF 1986 Polestar. Zulu, carvel, decked. Built 1897 Gardiner, Cullen. First registered 2/04/1897 to owners George Wood (master), John Wood, James Wood. 1917-19 owner John Mair, Cullen. Information from The Mighty Zulu, Joseph Reid, 2012 - Buckie & District Fishing Heritage Centre
Thanks to Chris Harker for sharing these historic imagesRemains of a Zulu on the beach at Binsness - the boiler still in position BF 586 Beautiful Star. Zulu, carvel, decked. Built 1901 George Thomson, Buckie.
First registered 10/04/1901 to owners Alexander Mair (master), Alexander Mair Jnr, Portknockie, Alexander Reid, George Thomson, Buckie.
1905-1919 owners A. Mair and A Mair Jnr. Portknockie and Co.
26/12/1919 register closed. Vessel broken up.
BF 1933, Grateful. Zulu, carvel, decked. Built 1896 builder not recorded.
First registered 27/04/1896 to owner James Bruce (master), Andrew Findlay, Portessie who had her to 1902.
25/03/1902 sold to James Murray, George Murray (master) Portessie, James Bruce.
1904 to 1908 Portessie, registered to J. Bruce & Co.
1909 to 1920 Findochty, registered to A. Campbell.
Not in 1921-25 almanacs. No further information.
Information The Might Zulu, Joseph Reid, 2012 - Buckie & District Fishing Heritage Centre
Thanks to Chris Harker for sharing these historic imageAerial view of two well-preserved Zulu vessels usually below the low tide line at Binsness. Photo Eddie Martin

#4 of our #Top5 2025 - A new date for Newark, Sanday. Fish, whale & dolphin bone, recorded here over many years, suggested a specialised fish processing site. In early 2025 Storm Éowyn exposed stone buildings buried in sand. We sampled fish bone for radiocarbon dating. The result? ...

Erosion has exposed the clear edges of a buildingCod and ling bones recovered from an undisturbed layer

At #3 a newly identified Rocket Pole, Ness of Duncansby, Caithness Invented in the mid-1800s a mobile rocket apparatus fired a line to a ship in distress. A harness was attached to carry passengers&crew to safety. Rocket poles stood in for the ships mast in practice drills- very few survive!

Volunteer lifesaving brigades erected these poles as a stand-in for a ship’s mast – used during regular practice drills firing a line from a mobile rocket apparatus to a ship in distress.Everyone in coastal communities would have been familiar with this life-saving equipment. We even found an illustration of a rocket apparatus being used in an 1888 children’s book ‘Launch the Lifeboat’.

#2 of our 2025 highlights - coming face to face with history revealed in eroding coast edges… As the sea cuts into the land, it reveals layers of past human activity, like layers of a cake, revealing glimpses of past events. Here’s a few favourites from the Yell and Dornoch surveys. #coastarch

At Gossaborough, on Yell, several metres of shoreline reveal tumbled masonry, burnt stone and scattered finds – strong evidence of prehistoric houses now being lost to the sea.The eroding section at Papil on Yell is a classic. Here, bands of white shell stand out against darker layers of heat cracked stone and charcoal, showing how the midden built up through repeated dumps over time.
A closer look revealed struck quartz tools, and just around the corner we spotted half of a saddle quern set within a tumbled wall.The Ness of Portnaculter in the Dornoch Firth is a wonderful example of a shell midden mixed with heat cracked cobbles, showing people once cooked and ate shellfish here.
Similar examples of seasonal shoreline feasts have been recorded in the prehistoric and up to the early medieval periods.At Basta Voe, Yell, a layer of clean white sand runs through the dark peat. This may record a major storm surge or even a tsunami that hit around 1,500 years ago. Thanks to Allen Fraser for showing us this site.

We’ve had an amazing year of fieldwork - here’s our #Top5 2025 highlights: Pick #1 Broch of Burland, Shetland mainland. It looks spectacular from the air and like many on Shetland, is in a highly defended location - bounded by the sea on three sides and with massive banks and ditches.

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Join us on the latest Walk of Discovery in North Yell, Shetland. First up is the broch at Fillacomb point, not much to see except the faint outer traces of the bank. The coastline is exposed to the high energy of the North Atlantic Ocean battering against the rock (1/4)...

broch outer works at the edge of a cliff

Tovakuddas are coastal rock pools and clefts used by Shetlanders between the 12th to 17th century to shrink or waulk 'Wadmal' - a handwoven wool cloth. The cloth was secured in these protective pools and the motion of the sea strengthened and thickened it... (1/3) #tovakudda #hessupported

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Sand layer from a possible tsunami 1500 years ago. A penny road built as a famine relief project in the 1840-50s. Eroding prehistoric settlement and a giant noost! Just a few highlights from the June survey in Yell. Huge thanks to everyone. Yell is a very special place. We had a wonderful time.

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