Quick sketch of Westlothiana lizziae, grabbing some lunch in early #Carboniferous Scotland. Formerly known as an early reptile-like amniote or maybe an amphibian, “Lizzie” was just reinterpreted as more early-diverging tetrapodomorph, possessing fishy gills and spiracles. #sciart #paleoart #fishart
Xavier A. Jenkins
@semifossorial.bsky.social
Paleontologist and postdoc at the American Museum of Natural History. I study tetrapod origins, sensory evolution, and all things Permo-Carboniferous🦎🐢
These frogs “see” prey with their star-shaped toes. Learn more: https://scim.ag/4daOBJh
View-only link for those who don’t have access to Nature: rdcu.be/xRNEAAmp9zha
rdcu.be
Out today: We show that Westlothiana lizziae or "Lizzie," described 35 years ago as the world's oldest reptile - is not a stem amniote at all, but a stem tetrapod. www.nature.com/articles/s41...
I did the art for this!!! It’s nice to finally be able to talk about this
Out today: We show that Westlothiana lizziae or "Lizzie," described 35 years ago as the world's oldest reptile - is not a stem amniote at all, but a stem tetrapod. www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Out today: We show that Westlothiana lizziae or "Lizzie," described 35 years ago as the world's oldest reptile - is not a stem amniote at all, but a stem tetrapod. www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Important reading: www.nature.com/articles/s41...
How contemporary academic structures constrain scientific creativity and hold back early-career researchers - Nature Human Behaviour
In this Perspective, Haubrock et al. argue that today’s scientific structures constrain creativity and that strategic conformity is a rational response. They discuss how this holds back early-career r...
nature.com
New paper with @cisneros.bsky.social and colleagues. We report here a new deep-bodied ray-finned fish from the early Permian of northeast Brazil. Meet Nazaria limnica. www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
"Where do turtles belong on the reptile family tree?" is one of those questions that seems like a no-brainer. In actual fact, when you take a step back, turtles are *extremely* weird! I wrote about it for National Geographic
What, Exactly, Is a Turtle?
Paleontologists have resolved a decades-old debate over turtle evolution in a new study of 210-million-year-old skull fossils.
nationalgeographic.com
Proud to share our latest paper in out in Nature today on the origin of #snakes. We present Tametara mirim, an articulated 3D preserved stem snake from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. Tametara helped us re-tell the story of snake origins in a novel way... www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Exceptional brain and ecological diversity in the earliest snakes - Nature
A well-preserved fossil snake from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil shows early ecological and brain shape disparity in the group.
nature.com
New review paper with Martín Ezcurra just published in @journalsystpal.bsky.social as part of a special issue! Modern reptiles comprise archosaurs 🐊🦉, lepidosaurs🦎🐍, and turtles🐢, but their origins is murky. Where do turtles fit in, really? And most marine reptiles? Choristoderes? Drepanosaurs? ->
Reconstructed skull of Eunotosaurus africanus, an early reptile from the Permian of southern Africa. 🐢 Long hypothesized to be an ancient ancestor of turtles, recent work led by @semifossorial.bsky.social shows this curious creature is instead a 'turtleized' millerettid. (1/🧵) #FossilFriday
A fossil thought to be key to turtle evolution turns out to be something else - which clarifies where our shelly friends came from. Today’s free newsletter is out (short article + my latest writing + upcoming events + ear perks from the week).
Friday Fragments #15
Turns out a proposed turtle ancestor isn't, but that makes the origins of our shelly friends clearer.
buttondown.com
Led by the incomparable Sanaa El-Sayed, a study out today in Science Advances throws open an important new window on marine fish diversity during the critical few million years following the K-Pg mass extinction. Below: artistic vision of the new fauna by Ian Baylatry.
New paper. Modern hagfishes (Myxiniformes) have radically reduced eyes. When did these reductions happen, and how? Leveraging the diverse hagfish fauna from Mazon Creek, we show this happened gradually in animals occupying shallow marine environments royalsocietypublishing.org/rsbl/article...
Our paper on turtle origins is finally out in Current Biology, with two major implications for our understanding of reptile evolution 🐢 #Paleontology #Turtles #Evolution www.cell.com/current-biol...
The Pacific spiny lumpsucker, an inefficient swimmer but a highly efficient suction cup. The pelvic fins have evolved into a strong suction disk on the belly, giving it the ability to anchor itself to substrates. Plate-like structures called "tubercles" provide defense against predators.
New paper: royalsocietypublishing.org/rsbl/article... Guilherme & I investigate dietary selectivity on turtle K/Pg extinction - durophagous turtles have higher survivorship probability. Beautiful art by @joschuaknuppe.bsky.social
A couple years ago, we reported one from even further south, in Namibia. A giant early tetrapod with affinities to species of tetrapod from the earliest Carboniferous, which we named Gaiasia. But is Gaiasia unique only to the far south, or was it part of a Gondwana-wide fauna?
New paper! How weird could Permian animals get? Turns out, pretty weird. Meet the stem tetrapod Tanyka amnicola from the Pedra de Fogo Formation of northeast Brazil royalsocietypublishing.org/rspb/article...
New pantylid just dropped 👀 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Carboniferous recumbirostran elucidates the origins of terrestrial herbivory - Nature Ecology & Evolution
A new species of pantylid microsaur from the Late Carboniferous of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, has teeth with dental occlusion consistent with herbivory, indicating an early transition to this co...
nature.com
Rauisuchus, the one who started it all, a friend-sized fella (do not trust any other repurposed past skeletal reconstruction of this animal)
Introducing a new Permian reptile: Scyllacerta creanae With a tympanic fossa on the quadrate and no lower temporal bar, Scyllacerta challenges long-standing ideas about when-and-how hearing evolved in reptiles 🦎👂 🔗 doi.org/10.1111/pala...
Very excited to share Scyllacerta creanae, a new Permian stem-reptile from South Africa known from an aggregation of several individuals. This specimen provides unprecedented detail regarding the anatomy of the early reptile skull. 🦎 (1/🧵)
First paper of 2026 is out for #FossilFriday, and the first of probably several ornithischian papers over the next interval. Here my coauthors and I describe some tantalizing bits that suggest that ornithischian diversity in the Morrison Formation is higher than previously recognized.
This #FossilFriday we are pleased to have published the new younginid taxon Scyllacerta from the late Permian of South Africa 🇿🇦 This beautiful aggregation has the holotype and has been in the literature for 30 years as “juvenile Youngina”. Photo taken before scanning at the @esrf.fr
Introducing a new Permian reptile: Scyllacerta creanae With a tympanic fossa on the quadrate and no lower temporal bar, Scyllacerta challenges long-standing ideas about when-and-how hearing evolved in reptiles 🦎👂 🔗 doi.org/10.1111/pala...
The origin of the tympanic fossa in reptiles revealed by a late Permian neodiapsid: new species Scyllacerta creanae onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/... #FossilFriday @semifossorial.bsky.social @morphobank.bsky.social