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Financial markets are frequently distressed. Proposing a "market-backstop principle" where central banks could impose modest liquidity requirements and be buyer-of-last-resort, from Frederic Boissay and Harald Uhlig www.nber.org/papers/w35548

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Studying whether AI can spot history's turning points using 120 years of newspaper data, to measure institutional uncertainty and detect critical junctures as they unfold, from Michael Callen, Gregory Levy, Saipremnath Muthukumaran, Jonathan L. Weigel, and Noam Yuchtman www.nber.org/papers/w35545

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Diagnosis-contingent incentives that tie treatment incentives to diagnostic results reduce unnecessary treatment and improve welfare, from Maria Dieci, Paul Gertler, Jonathan T. Kolstad, and Carlos Paramo www.nber.org/papers/w35543

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Intermediated debt markets give rise to two-tiered liquidity effects at currency and asset market levels. Government policies to join a currency area affect competition in asset markets, from Zhengyang Jiang www.nber.org/papers/w35541

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Examining whether algorithmic risk assessments improve child-protection decisions, where supervisors decide which cases need closer scrutiny, from E. Jason Baron, Arkadev Ghosh, and Richard Lombardo www.nber.org/papers/w35540

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Large-scale randomized trial finds low-cost reminders increased influenza vaccination, while machine learning identified patients most responsive to incentives, from Kelsey Moran, Gail M. Rosenbaum, Amir Goren, Michelle Meyer, Christopher Chabris, and Joseph J. Doyle Jr. www.nber.org/papers/w35537

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China's Yangtze fishing ban unintentionally boosted science as research funding rose about 22 percent and publications/citations nearly doubled for protected fish, by restoring specimen supply, from Minhao Chen, Lin William Cong, Haoyu Gao, Andrew Karolyi, and Hui Wang www.nber.org/papers/w35535

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Tax avoidance through personal holding companies in Sweden and Norway shelters 50 percent of dividend income from taxation, leading to a sharp drop-off in effective tax rates at the top, from Marius A. K. Ring, David G. Seim, and Gabriel Zucman www.nber.org/papers/w35534

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County health departments established in the early 1900s increased longevity for those exposed in utero or early childhood, with the largest gains among disadvantaged children, from Hamid Noghanibehambari and Jason Fletcher www.nber.org/papers/w35533

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Arguing that the “Confucian Fertility Paradox” dissolves once two strands of the tradition are separated and recognize that modernization affected them very differently, from Hanming Fang and Chang Liu www.nber.org/papers/w35532

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Reforms that anonymized China’s imperial exams and ended local recommendations increased commoner entry into office and reduced, especially scholar-led, social unrest, from Jingjing Chen, Jianlei Han, Shing-Yi Wang, and Yongxiang Wang www.nber.org/papers/w35531

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Positive temperature shocks have persistent and detrimental impacts on weekly US state economic conditions, possibly due to the effect of heat on labor productivity, from Kimberly A. Berg, Chadwick C. Curtis, and Nelson C. Mark www.nber.org/papers/w35529

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Finding a core tension in active asset management: skilled managers generate performance through policy insights while attracting flows through sentiment alignment, from Zhenyu Gao, Wei Xiong, and Jian Yuan www.nber.org/papers/w35528

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When deliberation noise varies systematically between individuals, accounting for decision processes is essential to accurately determining preferences, from Cesar Chavez Padilla, Shuaizhang Feng, James J. Heckman, and Zhe Yang www.nber.org/papers/w35526

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Investigating whether, by providing better and more timely information, the first mandatory online reporting and auditing program for wastewater discharge releases in the US improved facility compliance and environmental performance, from Gray, Shadbegian, and Wolverton www.nber.org/papers/w35525

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In India’s 4G rollout, spillovers across phones and networks shape entry and product variety. Policies that curb foreign firms can weaken the complementary market and backfire, from Chirantan Chatterjee, Ying Fan, and Debi Prasad Mohapatra www.nber.org/papers/w35522

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