Geography facts

@geographyfacts.bsky.social

Exploring the world through flags and maps🌍 Your daily dose of geography, one post at a time!

Sorry for a long time away from posting. I’ve been busy travelling and trying to enjoy the darkest days of winter😂 I hope you are ready for more geography posts soon! 🏳️ Which country should I do next?

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The flag of Christmas Island. It was adopted in 1986 (officially in 2002). The golden bosun bird symbolises freedom, and the Southern Cross and green field highlight its location and nature. The flag unites the island’s diverse cultures, celebrating its history and unique place in the Indian Ocean.

The flag of Christmas Island.

The flag of Brazil. It was adopted in 1889 after the monarchy's fall, retaining the green and yellow of the empire to honour its heritage. The blue globe and stars symbolised the new republic, reflecting the night sky over Rio de Janeiro on the day Brazil became a republic.

The current flag of Brazil. The former flag of Brazil. It was in use from 1853-1889. The flag of the Princes of Brazil which was in use for the colonised Brazil between 1500 and 1815.

The flag of Bhutan. It reflects the country’s harmony of spiritual and secular power and evolved from earlier designs, symbolising Buddhist traditions (orange) and royal authority (yellow). The white dragon, central to Bhutanese identity, represents purity and the protection of cultural treasures.

The current flag of Bhutan. It was adopted in 1969 and has 2:3 proportion.

The flag of Guinea-Bissau, adopted in 1973 following independence from Portugal. Its design, inspired by the Pan-African movement, symbolises unity and freedom. The star represents African liberation, while the layout honors the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC).

The flag of Guinea-Bissau.

The flag of Laos. It was adopted in 1975 after the Lao People’s Democratic Republic was established. Unique for a communist nation, it lacks common symbols like a star, but showcases a white disc for unity and the full moon over the Mekong. Blue represents prosperity and red represents sacrifice.

The flag of Laos.The flag of the Kingdom of Laos (1947-1975).

Wow! 10 thousand of you already. I am so happy to know there are so many of us that share this great interest. If you have any requests or ideas of what I should cover, flags or anything else related to geography, please don’t hesitate to just tag me or send me a message!

The flag of Eritrea. Their first flag, adopted in 1952, featured a blue field with a wreath. The current flag, introduced in 1995, has that same wreath but on the layout of the flag of Shabia, reflecting the nation’s liberation struggle and includes symbols of unity and resilience.

The flag of Eritrea. The former flag of Eritrea, adopted in 1952.The flag of Shabia, otherwise known as the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front, or simply EPLF. This liberation front fought for the independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia. After Eritrea gained independence this group turned into People’s Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) which is the only legal political party in Eritrea to this day.

The flag of Hungary. It traces back to the 9th century, inspired by medieval banners of the Árpád dynasty. It became a symbol of independence during the 1848 revolution and was officially adopted in its current form in 1957, reflecting national pride and resilience through history.

The flag of Hungary. This flag was adopted on 23 May 1957 and was then reaffirmed 19 June 1990. Hungary has a rich history when it comes to flags. They have had many different flags, royal standards, and banners throughout history but I’m only allowed 4 photos with the post. The emblem of Slovakia originated in Hungary and can still be seen within the Hungarian emblem with the three hills under the double cross representing the Tatra, Matra, and Fatra mountain ranges. Tatra and Fatra are situated in modern day Slovakia while the Matra mountain range is in mordern day Hungary.This flag was used for the Kingdom of Hungary in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.The standard of the Árpád dynasty in the 13th century.The flag of the Principality of Hungary. This flag was used from 895-1000.

The flag of Pakistan. It was adopted on 11 August 1947 (becoming official 3 days later) following the idependence of Pakistan from the British Empire. This flag is hoisted for many occations and is referred to in the third verse of the national anthem of Pakistan. See the picture for more info!

The flag of Pakistan. Its official name is the Flag of the Star and Crescent (Urdu: رچمِ ستارہ و ہلال). The green represents the Muslim majority amongst the people of Pakistan while the white represents all of the religious minorities within the country. The moon and star also represent Islam as the flag was based on the one of the Muslim league (former political party). This flag is flown on various days through the year, such as Independence day, Republic day and Defence day. It is also hoisted every morning in schools and government buildings.

Today is the national day of Panama! It is one of the two independence days they celebrate. This one marks their independence from Spain in 1821. Their flag was officially adopted 25 March 1925 but had been in use for some time before that. The colours are said to represent rival political parties.

The flag of Panama. The blue star represents conservatives and the red star signifies liberals while the white is for peace between the political parties.

Today is the national day of Mauritania! It marks the day they gained independence from French colonial rule in 1960. The Mauritanian flag, adopted in 2017, is one of the youngest national flags in the world. It is however similar to the flag they adopted after gaining independence.

The flag of Mauritania. This flag has been in use since 2017. The red was added to signify the sacrifices the people of Mauritania have had to make in order to defend their territory. The former flag of Mauritania. It was used from 1959-2017.

Today is the national day of Albania! It marks the day they declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912. Their flag was first used in 1443, but has had quite a few modifications since. It showcases an eagle, which is a traditional symbol for Albanians.

Flamuri Kombëtar. The flag of Albania.

The flag of Czechia. It was adopted in 1920, originally representing Czechoslovakia but the flag was retained by Czechia after the split in 1993. Its design was based on the flag of the Kingdom of Bohemia, only with a blue triangle added to the hoist to differentiate it from the flag of Poland.

The flag of Czechia. The nazis banned this flag in 1938 but it was restored in 1949. The colours are said to represent the regions of Czechia. Blue represents Moravia, and white and red represent Bohemia. A black eagle on a yellow field is used to represent Silesia on the Czech seal.   The flag of the Kingdom of Bohemia. It is almost identical to the flag of Poland, the only difference being the proportions.

The flag of Paraguay. It is quite unique, featuring different emblems on each side: the national coat of arms is on the front and the treasury seal on the back. The design reflects the ideals of the 1811 independence movement, although this flag was not adopted until 1842 (last modified in 2013).

The front of the flag of Paraguay showing the emblem of Paraguay. It is the only national flag to showcase separate emblems on either side.The back of the flag of Paraguay, showing the treasury seal.

Today is the national day of Suriname! It marks the day they gained independence from the Netherlands in 1975. Here are three flags that have been used for Suriname through the years. As always the pictures contain more information, so please click on them if you want to know more about the flags!

The flag of Suriname. It was adopted on 25 November 1975. This flag was chosen by a parliamentary commission from designs sent in by the public. Green and red were the colours of the political parties at the time of independence. The white represents justice and freedom and the star is an emblem of unity and hope. The flag of Suriname from 1959-1975. The coloured stars represented the 5 major ethnic groups within the nation (Africans, Asian Indians, Javanese and Chinese, Amerindians, and Europeans). The ellipse symbolised the harmonious relationship between the groups. It was criticised for highlighting ethnic differences instead of showcasing national unity of the people of Suriname.The Dutch flag was used as the flag of Suriname from 1815-1959.

Today is the national day of Myanmar! The date is based on the traditional Burmese calendar and takes place 10 days after the full moon of Tazaungmone every year. This marks the day students at Rangoon University went on a strike against the British colonial government.

The flag of Myanmar. This flag was adopted on 21 October 2010. The yellow represents solidarity, the green represents pease and tranquility, the red courage and decisiveness and the white star is from the flag of the Burman Resistance in the Second World War.

Myanmar was a province of British India from 1886-1937 but only gained independence from British colonial control in 1948. Their national day is not their independence day (celebrated on 4 January).The flag of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma and then the Union of Myanmar. Used from 1974-2010.The flag of the Union of Burma. Used from 1948-1974.

Today is the Statehood day of Bosnia and Herzegovina! It is celebrated annually and marks the day in 1943 when the Resolution of ZAVNOBiH was adopted. This resolution expressed that Bosnia and Herzegovina would reclaim its old borders. They gained independence from Yugoslavia in 1992.

The flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was adopted on 4 February 1998. The colour refer to the flag of Europe. The yellow triangle represents the shape of the country. This flag was imposed by the international High Representative. The flag of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This flag was used while the country was a part of Yugoslavia and after independence until the current flag was adopted.

The flag of Syria has changed quite a bit through the years but reflects Arab unity and Syria’s history. The red stands for sacrifice, white for peace, black for past struggles, and the stars once symbolised Syria and Egypt in the United Arab Republic. I had so much to say so see the pics for more!

The flag of Syria. Originally adopted in 1958 by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the former president of Egypt who then became the president of the United Arab Republic. It was changed to this flag from the independence flag in order to create a greater Arab identity within the United Arab Republic. It was only used in this form for 2 years and was not taken up again until 1980 and has been the flag of Syria ever since.The independence flag of Syria and of the First Syrian Republic and the Second Syrian Republic. This flag was adopted when Syria first declared independence in 1930. The French refused at first but then had to allow for the change and Syria gained full independence from France in 1946. This flag was used until 1958, when the United Arab Republic was established. It was used again briefly from 1961-1963 (United Arab Republic). This flag has since been used by the Syrian National Coalition and Interim Government since the civil war broke out there in 2011. The flag of the Federation of Arab Republics which was the flag of Syria from 1971-1980. It bears strong resemblance to the current flag of Egypt although it is not identical.The flag of the Kingdom of Syria. Adopted in 1920, this was the first flag to display the combination of red, green, white and black, which can be seen in most subsequent Syrian flags. 

The flag of the French Mandate of Syria is missing as I could only display four pictures with the post. It however is the worst looking flag of them in my opinion and it is reminiscent of a lot of other French colonial and territorial flags as it has the Tricolore in the canton.

The flag of Belize tells a story of its journey to independence. It was first designed in 1950 by the anti-colonial People's United Party, but was updated in 1981 after independence when red stripes were added to represent unity between political parties. See the pics for a little more info!

The flag of Belize. The emblem of Belize is in the middle of the flag and reflects the country’s roots in the timber industry. It was designed in 1907 and features tools of woodcutters, a mahogany tree, and two workers—one of African and one of European descent—symbolizing unity. The motto "Sub Umbra Floreo" means "Under the shade, I flourish”.  The flag is the only national flag that features people as a major design element (Malta’s flag contains a small image of Saint George in the George Cross, which is featured in the top left corner of their flag). The flag of the People’s United Party, which was the basis for what then became the official flag of Belize upon independence. The last official flag of British Honduras/Belize, used from 1919-1981.

Today is عيد الإستقلال اللبناني, Lebanese Independence day, the national day of Lebanon. This marks the day they gained independence from France in 1943. Their flag is one of my personal favourites due to the choice of colour and its elegant design. See the picture for more information on the flag

The flag of Lebanon. It was adopted on 7 December 1943. As with many flags, the red symbolises the sacrifice in the struggle for independence and the white represents purity. The Cedar of Lebanon has been the emblem of the country for almost 3000 years (since the time of King Solomon). The tree first appeared on the flag of Lebanon in 1861 when it was a part of the Ottoman Empire. While under French rule the Cedar of Lebanon was in the white band of the Tricolore. The tree symbolises immortality and steadiness for the country.The dimensions of the flag of Lebanon. The Cedar of Lebanon is exactly a third of the width of the flag and half of the hight. The flag has the same dimensions for the red and white bands as the Spanish flag does for its red and yellow bands. The flag of Lebanon while under French rule.

The flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis. This flag was first hoisted in 1983 after the two islands gained independence together. The second picture is the former flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis when they were in a union with Anguilla. For more info on the design of the flags, please click on the photos!

The flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis after they gained independence from the Commonwealth (UK). The design came through a local competition which had 258 entries. This winning entry was designed by a student by the name of Edrice Lewis. According to her the green signifies the fertile land, the yellow stripes the islands’ sunny climate, the red signifies the struggles for freedom. The black represents their African heritage and the two stars represent hope and liberty. The flag of former union Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla. It was their official flag from 1967-1980 (and then the flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis from 1980-1983). It was called the ‘triple palm’ with one stripe signifying each island in the union. The green represents Saint Kitts, the yellow represents Nevis and the blue represents Anguilla. The coconut palm tree represented the destiny, humility and pride of the islands.

The flag of Gabon. It was adopted on 9 August 1960, replacing their original flag which had the French Tricolour at the canton. The green represents Gabon’s natural resources, especially timber. Yellow represents the sun and the blue represents the sea. The third is the presidential flag of Gabon.

The flag of Gabon. It is one of only 4 country flags which have the dimensions 3:4. The other countries are the DRC, Papua New Guinea, and San Marino. The original flag of Gabon, adopted after they gained independence from France.The presidential flag of Gabon. Adopted in 2016. Only really included because I find it incredibly cool.

Today, 19 November, is the National day of Monaco! Interestingly it never had a set date, but the reigning prince would choose which day to celebrate it. That only changed with the now reigning Prince Albert II, when he chose to celebrate it on the same day as his late father had, Prince Rainier III

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This has been the official flag of Denmark since 1625 which makes it the worlds oldest and longest continually used flag. However, legend has it that in 1219, the flag, Dannebrog, fell from the sky, steering the Danish king Valdemar Sejr and his men to an unexpected victory during a battle.

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