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Today in history, on September 13th, 1937, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette reported that sitting Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black had been an active member of the Ku Klux Klan. Almost 20 years later, he joined the unanimous decision in Brown v. Board. www.newspapers.com/article/pitt...

U.S. Supreme Court Hugo Black revealed as Ku Klux Klan member

Clipping found in Pittsburgh Post-Gazette published in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on 9/13/1937. U.S. Supreme Court Hugo Black revealed as Ku Klux Klan member

newspapers.com

Hugo Black counted in 1938: in the Fourteenth Amendment's first 50 years, under half of the 1% of cases invoking it were brought by Black Americans. More than half were brought by corporations. Part one: A. Philip Randolph and two Marches on Washington. jimthehistorian.substack.com/p/the-14th-a...

The 14th Amendment: The March on Washington

The 14th Amendment, Part One: A. Philip Randolph and why the fight for jobs went to the street instead of the Supreme Court.

jimthehistorian.substack.com

A History of America and Canada Virginia made it a crime to teach him to read. No American medical school would take him, so he earned his degree in Toronto. Moved to Canada. He returned in 1863 as the first Black officer in the U.S. Army. jimthehistorian.substack.com/p/a-history-...

A History of America and Canada

The first Black officer in the United States Army earned his degree in Canada, because no American school would have him. Canada would not have given him the commission.

jimthehistorian.substack.com

Pittsburgh’s Underground Railroad didn’t hide. It organized publicly, printed agent names in the Black press, and confronted slaveholders at the wharf. Full piece, including Daniel Lockhart and the most complicated rescue in the network’s history: open.substack.com/pub/jimthehi...

The Pittsburgh Underground Railroad - In Your FACE!

After March 1847, anyone an enslaver brought into Pennsylvania was free on arrival. Somebody had to reach them and say it out loud, in daylight. And Pittsburgh's Black community was ready.

open.substack.com