Elena Shekhova

@lumipie.com

Exploring & visualizing data on nutrition, health, and sustainability: lumipie.com Interests: biology, charts, science communication, coding, fungi, permaculture, foraging Previously: University of Copenhagen, MRC for Medical Mycology, Leibniz:HKI 📍🇩🇰

🧪🍎📃 Nutrition discourse often focuses on protein. Fiber is important too, but rarely talked about. Here is an “oldish” paper showing a dose-dependent association between fiber intake (from cereals, fruits, and vegetables) and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. 🔗 www.bmj.com/content/347/...

Risk of cardiovascular disease across increasing levels of total fibre intake. RR=risk ratio

🧪🍎📃 I stumbled across this article about alternative protein sources. Many of them I had never heard of before. It mentioned: -winged beans -grasspea -lupins -Bambara groundnut Also, duckweed species can have protein contents of up to 43% (dry matter) and provide all essential amino acids.

From paper "Alternative Protein Sources and Novel Foods: Benefits, Food Applications and Safety Issues": Figure 1. Underutilized legumes: (a) Winged beans (b) Grasspea (c) Lupins (d) Bambara groundnut.

🍄📸🧪 I was cloning a wood ear mushroom that I foraged recently. One of my plates was contaminated, so I let it grow. Then I thought I should definitely photograph it against a lamp and share it here. Perfect for @contamclub.bsky.social The red/pink pigment is likely produced by Fusarium mold.

Agar plate with wood ear mushroom tissues. The red/pink pigment diffusing into the agar is likely metabolites produced by Fusarium mold.  Bacterial growth is also visible. Petri dish is photographed against a lamp.

Agar plate with wood ear mushroom tissues. The red/pink pigment diffusing into the agar is likely metabolites produced by Fusarium mold.  Bacterial growth is also visible. Petri dish is photographed against a lamp.Agar plate with wood ear mushroom tissues. The red/pink pigment diffusing into the agar is likely metabolites produced by Fusarium mold.  Bacterial growth is also visible. Petri dish is photographed against a lamp.

🧪🍎📃 In this US study, people with a college degree were more likely to consider or choose plant-based burgers than those without a degree. But when the prices of plant-based options were lowered, consumers without a college degree became more inclined to buy them. www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10....

Figure 2:
Price Effect Simulations for Meat and PBMA Burgers (Study 2). Note: Consideration and choice probabilities are shown for the meat burger and PBMAs (aggregated) given a PBMA price range between $12.50 and $5, along with 95% credible intervals. Across PBMA price scenarios, the price of the meat burger was kept constant at $10. A PBMA price of $10 thus corresponds to price parity. The gray dashed lines display the population mean (representative of the United States). Education = high: college degree or higher; No Prior PBMAs = yes: self-report to never eat PBMAs.

🧪🍎📃 Vitamin B12 is a rather unique vitamin. Only certain bacteria and archaea can make it, not plants or animals. Animals require B12 and can obtain and store it, which is why meat and fish are well-known sources for humans. But what about non-animal foods? Can they provide any B12 at all?🧵⤵️

🧪🍎📃 In South Africa, when people move to cities, their diets become similar to a “Western” one, with more energy-dense foods, animal protein, and fat. This shift changes the diversity of gut microbes, increasing bacteria previously linked to higher colorectal cancer risk. doi.org/10.1038/s414...

Figure 1a from the study (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46265-0): Analysis of fecal microbiota by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing from healthy rural and urban Xhosa individuals showing A bacterial community richness or Shannon Effective as indices for α-diversity,

🧪🍎📃 Important new study: Animal products, especially beef, pose much higher extinction risks for wildlife than grains, legumes, or vegetables. This means shifting land use toward more plant-based diets can give greater opportunities to restore biodiversity and help save species from extinction.

Figure 4 from https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-025-01224-w: The extinction impacts of average daily per capita food consumption in the United States for consumption in 2021, the EAT–Lancet planetary health diet and hypothetical vegetarian and vegan diets.  Baseline intake values are taken from FAO data27. The intake of spices, coffee, cocoa, tea and maté remains constant across diets. The EAT–Lancet diet is the ‘Planetary Health Diet’, designed to be consistent with health requirements and planetary boundaries51. The vegetarian and vegan diets are based on ‘Eatwell’ plates, with constituent commodities consumed in the same ratios that they currently are within each group53,54,55,56. Each reference diet is scaled to have the same number of calories as the baseline, which in theory accounts for food waste and overconsumption, probably overestimating their impacts.

🧪🍎📃 Plant vs. animal protein for muscle health: ✔️ Slightly lower muscle mass with non-soy plant protein compared to milk protein, but not with soy ✔️ No difference in muscular strength or physical performance No wonder there are elite athletes who are vegan. 🔗doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae200

Meta-analysis of Change in Absolute Muscle Mass in Response to Plant vs Animal Protein Intervention, Overall and in Younger (<60 y) and Older (≥60 y) Adults. Forest plot from the publication "Effect of Plant Versus Animal Protein on Muscle Mass, Strength, Physical Performance, and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"

🧪🍎📃  Short-chain fatty acids are not the only metabolites produced by gut microbes fermenting dietary fiber. Other bioactive molecules such as amino acids and B vitamins can be produced too. Understanding their effects may help explain why people respond differently to fiber. PMID: 38991905

Key figure. Overview of non-short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) microbial metabolites altered upon dietary fiber supplementation. As a result of dietary fiber supplementation, microbially produced metabolites such as neurotransmitters , secondary bile acids (2°BAs) , aromatic amino acids , and B vitamins may be altered, with diverse impacts on host health. The panels depict simplified representations of their interactions with various host cells in the colon, liver, and central nervous system.

🧪🍎📃 I’ve been learning React.js lately and made this 📊. It shows the protein & fiber content of processed foods commonly found in grocery stores. These nutrients are great for promoting satiety and may help reduce the risk of overeating (PMID: 35592279). Chart 🔗: www.lumipie.com/data-vis/fib...

Scatter plot titled "Fiber and Protein Content in Processed Foods, per 100 calories (100 grams)." The x-axis shows fiber content in grams per 100 calories (with an option to switch to per 100 grams), ranging from 0 to 25. Two toggle buttons at the top allow switching between viewing fiber and protein content. The current view is set to "Fiber." Each dot represents a processed food item, with dot size indicating sugar content and color intensity representing salt content (ranging from 0 to 19 grams). Most foods cluster near 0–5 grams of fiber, with a few outliers like canned asparagus, artichoke hearts, and bamboo shoots reaching 15–20+ grams. Labeled foods include scone, muffin, pizza, tomato puree, and yeast spread. Users are instructed to hover over dots for more info (desktop only). The table and a search function is added too and recommended for exploration on mobile (not shown on the current screen shot). Scatter plot titled "Fiber and Protein Content in Processed Foods, per 100 calories (100 grams)." The x-axis shows protein content in grams per 100 calories (with an option to switch to per 100 grams), ranging from 0 to 25. The view is set to "Protein" (highlighted in yellow). Each dot represents a processed food item, with dot size indicating sugar content and color intensity representing salt content (0–19 grams). Most foods cluster below 5 grams of protein per 100 calories, with notable outliers like tofu, canned tuna, and canned asparagus containing 10–20+ grams of protein. Foods like carrot cake, juice apple, and coconut cream appear low in protein. Users are prompted to hover over dots for more info (desktop only). The table and a search function is added too and recommended for exploration on mobile (not shown on the current screen shot).

In 1975, a fellow Cornell grad student gave a presentation of Burkitt's work at a brown bag lunch seminar. The faculty poo pooped it while munching on their balcony on white bread. I stopped eating white flour and never went back.

🧪🍎📃 💦Hydration might be a simple yet effective way to minimize the negative effects of sugar or salt. They can raise serum osmolality and trigger acute stress responses, e.g., a transient increase in blood pressure. Co-ingestion with water blunts this.

A study on the early metabolic effects of salt and fructose consumption: the protective role of water - Hypertension Research

Hypertension Research - A study on the early metabolic effects of salt and fructose consumption: the protective role of water

doi.org

🧪🍎📃 Does eating ultra-processed foods CAUSES obesity? The authors of this paper used a statistical tool called 'E value' to show that the link between eating lots of processed foods and gaining weight could be explained by other factors, such as food insecurity. doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01566-8