Links between bone fractures and the gut microbiota

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01286-1In this Review, the authors describe evidence linking the gut microbiota to bone fractures. They discuss findings from rodent models and human studies on the effects of the gut microbiota on bone and muscle and explore the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota is associated with bone fractures.

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Paracrine signalling in thermogenesis

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01292-3Paracrine signalling in thermogenesis

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Therapeutic potential of targeting the orexin (hypocretin) system in sleep disorders

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01277-2Understanding the key mechanisms underlying sleep and wake states is essential for developing effective treatments for sleep disorders. Here, the authors discuss how the orexin (also known as hypocretin) system — a central regulator of sleep and wakefulness — is a key target in the development of treatments for sleep disorders.

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Links between bone fractures and the gut microbiota

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01286-1In this Review, the authors describe evidence linking the gut microbiota to bone fractures. They discuss findings from rodent models and human studies on the effects of the gut microbiota on bone and muscle and explore the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota is associated with bone fractures.

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Local catecholamine catabolism blunts lipolysis in ageing adipose tissue

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 28 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01290-5Local catecholamine catabolism blunts lipolysis in ageing adipose tissue

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Paracrine signalling in thermogenesis

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01292-3Paracrine signalling in thermogenesis

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Anti-IL-11 treatment improves ovarian function by reducing matrix stiffness

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 28 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01288-zAnti-IL-11 treatment improves ovarian function by reducing matrix stiffness

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Therapeutic potential of targeting the orexin (hypocretin) system in sleep disorders

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 30 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01277-2Understanding the key mechanisms underlying sleep and wake states is essential for developing effective treatments for sleep disorders. Here, the authors discuss how the orexin (also known as hypocretin) system — a central regulator of sleep and wakefulness — is a key target in the development of treatments for sleep disorders.

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Dose matters: haploinsufficiency in osteogenesis imperfecta

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 27 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01282-5Osteogenesis imperfecta type 1 can be caused by haploinsufficient variants of COL1A1 and can be difficult to diagnose and manage. In this Review, the authors cover the role of collagen type I haploinsufficiency in osteogenesis imperfecta type 1’s pathogenesis, treatment strategies currently under investigation and aspects of this disease that require further research.

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Local catecholamine catabolism blunts lipolysis in ageing adipose tissue

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 28 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01290-5Local catecholamine catabolism blunts lipolysis in ageing adipose tissue

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Anti-IL-11 treatment improves ovarian function by reducing matrix stiffness

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 28 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01288-zAnti-IL-11 treatment improves ovarian function by reducing matrix stiffness

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Dose matters: haploinsufficiency in osteogenesis imperfecta

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 27 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01282-5Osteogenesis imperfecta type 1 can be caused by haploinsufficient variants of COL1A1 and can be difficult to diagnose and manage. In this Review, the authors cover the role of collagen type I haploinsufficiency in osteogenesis imperfecta type 1’s pathogenesis, treatment strategies currently under investigation and aspects of this disease that require further research.

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Diagnosis, staging and management of obesity: a synthesis of contemporary guidelines

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 21 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01279-0Obesity is a chronic, adiposity-based disease with multiple, competing definitions. In the past 2 years, major professional societies have advanced new diagnostic frameworks that incorporate multimodal assessment of adiposity and its clinical consequences. In this Review, Tandar et al. evaluate contemporary anthropometric and body composition measurements, synthesize new frameworks and guidelines for the diagnosis and staging of obesity, and discuss their implications for clinical practice.

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Diagnosis, staging and management of obesity: a synthesis of contemporary guidelines

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 21 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01279-0Obesity is a chronic, adiposity-based disease with multiple, competing definitions. In the past 2 years, major professional societies have advanced new diagnostic frameworks that incorporate multimodal assessment of adiposity and its clinical consequences. In this Review, Tandar et al. evaluate contemporary anthropometric and body composition measurements, synthesize new frameworks and guidelines for the diagnosis and staging of obesity, and discuss their implications for clinical practice.

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Nutrient and non-nutrient regulators of insulin secretion

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 17 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01281-6This Review explores the regulation of insulin secretion, including the effects of various nutrient and non-nutrient factors. An improved understanding of the complexities of how insulin secretion is regulated could lead to targeted treatments in the future.

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Nutrient and non-nutrient regulators of insulin secretion

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 17 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01281-6This Review explores the regulation of insulin secretion, including the effects of various nutrient and non-nutrient factors. An improved understanding of the complexities of how insulin secretion is regulated could lead to targeted treatments in the future.

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Oxytocin in social conflict

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 15 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01284-3Although oxytocin is widely known as the ‘love hormone’, it is also released during social conflict, promoting acute social defence and facilitating neural circuit plasticity that heightens future social avoidance, vigilance and sensitivity to non-social stressors.

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Reframing cancer cachexia: from malnutrition to treatable disease

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01285-2Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome that is associated with advanced cancer and causes high morbidity and mortality. Now, preclinical and clinical findings define cachexia as a systemic metabolic disorder beyond anorexia. Reframing cachexia as a treatable disease could contribute to increasing the quality of life and survival of patients.

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A new oral treatment for achondroplasia in children

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01283-4A new oral treatment for achondroplasia in children

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Lipid sensing and brain hormone receptors in food intake and glucose regulation

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01278-1Lipid sensing in the gut is a key mechanism by which the body regulates food intake and metabolism. This Review discusses how lipid sensing triggers hormonal and neural mechanisms that regulate satiety and glucose homeostasis and how these pathways are affected by obesity and metabolic disease.

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Oxytocin in social conflict

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 15 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01284-3Although oxytocin is widely known as the ‘love hormone’, it is also released during social conflict, promoting acute social defence and facilitating neural circuit plasticity that heightens future social avoidance, vigilance and sensitivity to non-social stressors.

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Reframing cancer cachexia: from malnutrition to treatable disease

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01285-2Cancer cachexia is a wasting syndrome that is associated with advanced cancer and causes high morbidity and mortality. Now, preclinical and clinical findings define cachexia as a systemic metabolic disorder beyond anorexia. Reframing cachexia as a treatable disease could contribute to increasing the quality of life and survival of patients.

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A new oral treatment for achondroplasia in children

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01283-4A new oral treatment for achondroplasia in children

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Lipid sensing and brain hormone receptors in food intake and glucose regulation

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01278-1Lipid sensing in the gut is a key mechanism by which the body regulates food intake and metabolism. This Review discusses how lipid sensing triggers hormonal and neural mechanisms that regulate satiety and glucose homeostasis and how these pathways are affected by obesity and metabolic disease.

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