Max
@oostermax.bsky.social
Epidemiologist, data scientist, wannabe randomista (derogatory). Postdoc studying (early-onset) colorectal cancer. Interested in causal inf, modelling, meta-science, policy. Sports enthusiast. All opinions my own etc. Blog at maxoosterwegel.com
Penalty taking and stopping skill for Spain and Argentina. Both teams have excellent penalty stoppers. Argentina got a slight edge in a shootout per my model. Expect Spain to bring in Borja Iglesias for penalties as he has one of the best shot maps around. #WC #WorldCup #ARGESP #WorldCupFinal
Argentina in the knockout stage of this World Cup: 1' to 67': -3 goal differential 68' onward: +8 goal differential
Penalty taking and stopping skill for Spain and Argentina. Both teams have excellent penalty stoppers. Argentina got a slight edge in a shootout per my model. Expect Spain to bring in Borja Iglesias for penalties as he has one of the best shot maps around. #WC #WorldCup #ARGESP #WorldCupFinal
Penalty skills for England - Argentina. England have some of the best takers in Harry Kane and Ivan Toney, but Argentina has an edge in the shootout if England play Pickford instead of Henderson. #WorldCup #WC2026 #ARGENG #WorldCup2026 #FIFAWorldCup
In a penalty shoot out, which team would you pick to win? 1: best 10 pk takers in the world (eg Kane), but the worst pk GK (Begovic) 2: worst 10 pk takers (eg Chricarito) but best pk GK (eg Diego Alves). Simulation informed answer to follow! #WorldCup #WorldCup2026
And Rice is right, England has very good penalty takers! (Also a very bad one with Ollie Watkins) #WorldCup #WC2026 #NORENG #WorldCup2026 #FIFAWorldCup
Penalty stopping skills for both teams:
Tuchel would never do it because England has won 3 shootouts with Pickford and I imagine the media backlash would be huge if they lose (and pks are still a game of chance), but Henderson has been the better penalty stopper in his career by far. #WorldCup #WC2026 #NORENG #WorldCup2026 #FIFAWorldCup
Tuchel would never do it because England has won 3 shootouts with Pickford and I imagine the media backlash would be huge if they lose (and pks are still a game of chance), but Henderson has been the better penalty stopper in his career by far. #WorldCup #WC2026 #NORENG #WorldCup2026 #FIFAWorldCup
France - Morocco penalty taking and stopping skills. Two of the very best penalty stoppers with Maignan and Bounou. Both teams consist of very average penalty takers on the other hand. If they get to a shootout, we may see multiple saves. #WorldCup #WC2026 #FIFAWorldCup #FRAMAR
France - Morocco penalty taking and stopping skills. Two of the very best penalty stoppers with Maignan and Bounou. Both teams consist of very average penalty takers on the other hand. If they get to a shootout, we may see multiple saves. #WorldCup #WC2026 #FIFAWorldCup #FRAMAR
and here are the other estimated skills for both teams. Camilo Vargas is really excellent at stopping penalties! Columbia their penalty takers seem to be (sub)par. #WorldCup #WC2026 #FIFAWorldCup #SUICOL
no goalkeeper substitution by the Swiss. this could cost them.. (or not because football)
If we get to a shootout, Switzerland would do well to sub Keller on for Kobel. My model estimates a 77% chance that Marvin Keller is the better penalty stopper. And according to a new model of mine, this could improve their chances from 39% (with Kobel) to 47% (with Keller) in the shootout! #SUICOL
if Switzerland vs Columbia gets to a penalty shootout, they should bring on Keller for Kobel to increase their shootout chances by 8 percentage points (per my Monte Carlo simulation based on estimated skill levels)! #WorldCup #WC2026 #FIFAWorldCup #SUICOL
If we get to a shootout, Switzerland would do well to sub Keller on for Kobel. My model estimates a 77% chance that Marvin Keller is the better penalty stopper. And according to a new model of mine, this could improve their chances from 39% (with Kobel) to 47% (with Keller) in the shootout! #SUICOL
If we get to a shootout, Switzerland would do well to sub Keller on for Kobel. My model estimates a 77% chance that Marvin Keller is the better penalty stopper. And according to a new model of mine, this could improve their chances from 39% (with Kobel) to 47% (with Keller) in the shootout! #SUICOL
Messi and penalties: likely even below average over this career. He's been especially bad at deceiving the keeper, ranking in the bottom decile in sending the goalkeeper the wrong way. #WorldCup #WC2026 #FIFAWorldCup #EGYARG
The reversal of Balogun's suspension could harm the US's shootout chances #USABEL #BELUSA #FIFAWorldCup #WC2026 #WorldCup
Penalty takers for both teams. Tielemans has not always been a sure bet for penalties surprisingly enough! US squad has not taken many penalties #USABEL #BELUSA #FIFAWorldCup #WC2026 #WorldCup
Which Matt defends the net for a US-Belgium penalty shootout? The US has rotated both, but my model backs Matt Turner. Data gives him a 77% probability of being the superior career penalty stopper (other pk statistics below) #USABEL #BELUSA #FIFAWorldCup #WC2026 #WorldCup
Penalty taking / stopping skill for England and Mexico. Some of the very best penalty in football play tonight with Jiménez, Kane and Toney. Henderson has likely been the better penalty stopper than Pickford during his career. Will Tuchel dare to put Henderson on? #ENGMEX #WorldCup #FIFAWorldCup
Penalty taking / stopping skill for Brazil and Norway. Both teams have very good penalty stoppers on the bench. I can't imagine Brazil substituting Alisson Becker though. Norway also unlikely with the uncertainty in skill level. Brazil appear to have the better takers #NORBRA #WorldCup #FIFAWorldCup
Cape Verde defeats Argentina via a 2-3 loss in extra time
The ref should simply let them play until Cape Verde wins
i can't believe i'm posting this, but penalty taking and stopping skills for Argentina and Cape Verde #ARGCVP #FIFAWorldCup #WorldCup2026
both Australia and Egypt should consider a goalkeeper substitution as the better penalty stoppers are on the bench #AUSEGY #FIFAWorldCup #WorldCup2026
To illustrate just how great Bounou’s save was: the shot had a 99% goal probability based on location. But knowing Summerville seems to have a habit of shooting to the left, Bounou gambled on a small step to his right #NEDMAR
and a small fix to this post, because the scraper accidentally picked up some non-professional games (U21 level etc., also filtered some second tier non-European leagues) - conclusions largely the same