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Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas

@socatco2.bsky.social

https://www.socat.info Posts are for information and are not endorsements.

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Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2w ago

Kirtana Naëck et al.* explore the possibility that sea ice events can affect biologically mediated air-sea CO₂ fluxes. doi.org/10.5194/bg-2... #ocean #SeaIce #co2 #flux #SouthernOcean *J Boutin, S Swart, M du Plessis, L Merlivat, L Beaumont, A Lourenco, F d'Ovidio, L Rousselet, B Ward, J-B Sallée

Figure 1(a) CARIOCA buoy trajectory from 26 January 2022 to 27 June 2022 superimposed on a bathymetry map of the study zone. Fronts from Park et al. (2019) are indicated, from north to south: Northern Boundary (NB) of the ACC, Subantarctic Front (SAF), Polar Front (PF), Southern Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front (SACCF), and Southern Boundary (SB) of the ACC. (b) CCI Chl a map with CARIOCA buoy trajectory in February.

TRICUSO @tricuso.bsky.social · 3w ago

In a recent project #milestone report, the TRICUSO team describe the simulations they conducted to quantify how #CitizenScience #SailingYachts contribute to improving #SouthernOcean #CarbonSink estimates Read the full story to learn more: 🔗Link in the comments @horizoneu.bsky.social #REA

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3w ago

Nicolas Metzl et al.* contrast the air-sea CO₂ fluxes and pH in different parts of the south-west Indian Ocean. doi.org/10.1016/j.ds... #IndianOcean #ocean #carbon #flux #ph *Claire Lo Monaco, Guillaume Barut, Jean-François Ternon

Fig. 4. Distribution of ΔfCO₂ (μatm) during the RESILENCE cruise in May 2022 along the African coast. In (a) color code is for SST (°C). In (b) color code is for ΔfCO₂ (μatm). “ADE” and “ODE” identifies the locations of the Active Durban Eddy and the Old Durban Eddy investigated during the cruise. In May 2022, the ocean was always a CO₂ sink in this region (ΔfCO₂ < 0).

Ocean Carbon & Biogeochemistry (OCB)@usocb.bsky.social · 4w ago

It's official...GLODAPv3 is out! glodap.info 🌊

TRICUSO @tricuso.bsky.social · 4w ago

MILESTONE REACHED 🪅 The #TRICUSO team has modified an established methodology to characterise surface ocean #pCO2 variability using observations from multiple #ResearchInfrastructures. Read the story- link in the comments #CarbonCycle #OceanObservation #REA #HorizonEurope #MarineData @noc.ac.uk

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · last mo.

Anabel von Jackowski provides an overview of the wide range of available ocean observations across multiple disciplines. doi.org/10.3389/fmar... #ocean #observations

Temporal and spatial scales for a variety of ocean processes and oceanographic platforms.

TRICUSO @tricuso.bsky.social · last mo.

👀 Check out the full milestone story on our website: tricuso.eu/milestones/m...

Mapping the Global Fleet - Identifying SOCAT Platforms as the Foundation of SOCONET (M27) - TRICUSO

The 2026 release of the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT) marks a landmark moment for ocean carbon science — and for the TRICUSO project. With 44 million quality-controlled measurements now publicly ava...

tricuso.eu

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · last mo.

Wanqin Zhong et al.* produce a 4km resolution global reconstruction of surface ocean pCO₂ and air-sea CO₂ fluxes using a multigrained cascade forest model. doi.org/10.1029/2024... #ocean #co2 #flux *Xin Ma, Tianqi Shi, Ge Han, Haowei Zhang, Wei Gong

Reconstruction of Global Ocean Surface pCO2 and Air‐Sea CO2 Flux: Based on Multigrained Cascade Forest Model

Reconstruct monthly maps of global ocean surface pCO2 holistically with a resolution of 4 × 4 km using multigrained cascade forest Global ocean surface pCO2 is controlled mainly by sea surface t...

doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · last mo.

Masao Ishii et al.* compare various methods of estimating CO₂ update in the Pacific Ocean. doi.org/10.1029/2024... #ocean #pacific #co2 *B R Carter, K Toyama, K B Rodgers, R A Feely, T-T-T Chau, F Chevallier, F Desmet, L Gregor, Y Iida, Y Kitamura, J D Müller, H Tsujino

CO2 Uptake in the Pacific From 1985 to 2018: A Comparative Assessment of Observation‐ and Model‐Based Estimates

Net and anthropogenic CO2 exchange in the Pacific represents a major contribution to the global CO2 sink The Pacific is thought to have turned to a net sink of CO2 that is growing primarily due t...

doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2mo ago

Xiaoke Liu et al.* look at the full lifecycle of mesoscale eddies to understand their impact on air-sea CO₂ fluxes. doi.org/10.1088/1748... #co2 #flux #ocean #eddy Huisheng Wu, Yanguo Fan, Yunlong Ji, Wenliang Zhou, Lejie Wang and Long Cui

Figure 2. Full-cycle FCO2 diagram of a typical eddy. The region surrounded by the red dot is the effective region of the eddy. Take figure (a) as an example, which is based on FCO2 inversion data and eddy data on 5 January 2011, and can reflect the FCO2 and eddy conditions of the day.

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2mo ago

SOCAT v2026 is released today, with 2.8 million new observations! Download the new version from socat.info/index.php/ve... The annual poster summarising the key points of the release (including the continued decline in observation coverage) is available: socat.info/wp-content/u...

Partial thumbnail of the SOCAT v2026 release poster. Link to the PDF is in the main text.

Flanders Marine Institute - VLIZ @vliz.be · 2mo ago

This week, VLIZ welcomes the international SOCAT community for a key workshop on the future of the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT)🌐 Important milestone: VLIZ is now officially the European SOCAT Hub, strengthening Europe's contribution to the global ocean carbon observing system🔗 shorturl.at/5rMSp

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2mo ago

Zelun Wu et al. * develop a machine learning method to map surface pCO₂ along the North American Atlantic coastal ocean margin. doi.org/10.5194/essd... #ocean #coast #co2 Wenfang Lu, Alizée Roobaert, Luping Song, Xiao-Hai Yan, Wei-Jun Cai

Figure 1: Topography (m) and large-scale circulation along the North American Atlantic Coastal Ocean Margin (NAACOM). The study region, defined as coastal areas extending 400 km offshore, is indicated by blue shading. The thick black line is the 200 m isobath, which roughly marks the shelf break and typically defines the continental shelf boundary. The Gulf Stream (thick red dashed line with an arrow) flows northward along the eastern coast of the United States before veering eastward into the open Atlantic Ocean around Cape Hatteras. The Labrador Current (thick light-blue dashed line with an arrow) flows southward along the eastern coast of Canada before meeting the Gulf Stream. Following Fennel et al. (2019), the study region is divided into six subregions by straight orange lines: the Gulf of Mexico (GoMx), South Atlantic Bight (SAB), Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB), Gulf of Maine (GoMe), Scotian Shelf (SS), and Gulf of St. Lawrence and Grand Banks (GStL&GB). Dashed contour lines indicate bathymetric depths of 50 and 100 m on the shelf (from the coastline to the 200 m isobath) and 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 m from the shelf break to the open ocean.

Prof Alessandro Tagliabue @altagliabue.bsky.social · 2mo ago

Fantastic review on the ocean carbon cycle and climate led by Laure Resplandy that pulls together impressive budgets and tackles some key narratives 🌊 www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1...

$Integrated perspective on ocean carbon cycle: Untangling facts, fluxes, and fictions Laure Resplandy1*, Marina Lévy2, Laurent Bopp3 The ocean carbon cycle spans multiple scales and reservoirs, challenging efforts to build a coherent picture and fostering misconceptions or fragmented narratives in science and public discourse. Common examples include the belief that the biological processes control the ocean’s carbon sink (i.e., fraction of human CO2 emissions ab- sorbed by ocean), that restoring coastal ecosystems is highly effective at mitigating climate change, or that whales substantially contribute to carbon sequestration. We provide a comprehensive review of living and nonliving ocean carbon stocks and fluxes—from plankton to mangroves, whales, fish, and plastics—and an integrated per- spective on global ocean carbon cycling, disentangling well- supported insights from misconceptions. This syn- thesis reaffirms the ocean’s key role as a physics- and chemistry- driven carbon sink, while clarifying the limited contribution of coastal and open- ocean ecosystems to carbon sequestration and climate mitigation. We caution against frameworks that justify marine conservation through climate mitigation—a narrative useful to draw attention, but not always robust and unnecessary, since marine biodiversity is worth preserving regardless of its impact on carbon.$

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2mo ago

Qiwei Sun and Yan Du assess sea surface temperature and ocean dynamics as drivers of interannual air-sea CO₂ flux variability in the Tropical Pacific. doi.org/10.1007/s003... #ocean #pacific #ElNino #co2

Impact of SST and ocean dynamics on the interannual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes in the tropical Pacific - Climate Dynamics

Ocean carbon uptake is crucial to mitigate carbon emissions due to human activities. The internal variability in air-sea CO2 fluxes (FCO2) significantly affects the carbon budget assessment, especially in the tropical Pacific. However, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project fails to capture real-world interannual variability of FCO2, especially in the tropical Pacific. Based on observed sea surface temperature (SST) in the eastern tropical Pacific, the Pacific Ocean–Global Atmosphere (POGA) experiment reproduces real-world interannual variability in FCO2 consistent with observations in the tropical Pacific. The results show that this variability is dominated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events by Bjerknes feedback. Dynamic and thermodynamic decompositions further support the nonthermal processes that dominate the interannual variability of FCO2, with stronger upwelling bringing higher dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the subsurface to the surface, increasing the FCO2, and vice versa for downwelling. However, the SST thermal effect is opposite in phase to FCO2 changes, partly offsetting the effects of dynamic processes. Using the observed SST, the POGA experiment also extends the FCO2 datasets to the 1930s, partially overcoming the limitation of observations, and helping us understand interannual to decadal variability and vertical physical processes.

doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 2mo ago

Rik Wanninkhof et al.* examine a machine learning method to construct air-sea CO₂ fluxes and its sensitivity to differing atmospheric forcings. doi.org/10.1029/2024... #ocean #co2 #flux #MachineLearning *Joaquin Triñanes, Denis Pierrot, David R. Munro, Colm Sweeney, Amanda R. Fay

Trends in Sea‐Air CO2 Fluxes and Sensitivities to Atmospheric Forcing Using an Extremely Randomized Trees Machine Learning Approach

An extremely randomized trees machine learning approach yields a global CO2 flux of −1.70 PgC yr−1 with a trend of −0.89 PgC yr−1 decade−1 The trend changes to −0.51 PgC yr−1 decade−1 when the ta...

doi.org

Pep Canadell @pepcanadell.bsky.social · 3mo ago

1/1 The GCP-Global Carbon Budget 2025 has just been published in its final form. It is the same data we released at the last COP in Nov 2025, but given the many improvements this budget introduced compared to previous editions, it underwent a longer and more detailed peer review process.

Global Carbon Budget 2025

Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to bette...

essd.copernicus.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3mo ago

IOCCP is looking for four new members of its Scientific Steering Group: Data and Information Access Services Regional Coordinator for South East Asia Coordination of Oxygen Essential Ocean Variable Instruments, Sensors and Technical Training Workshops See www.ioccp.org/news/call-fo... for details.

Call for four new members of the IOCCP Scientific Steering Group

The IOCCP promotes the development of a global network of ocean carbon observations for research through technical coordination and communication services, international agreements on standards and me...

ioccp.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3mo ago

Hongqiang Yan et al.* explore the distribution and fluxes of CO₂ in and around the coral reefs of the Greater Bay Area in China. www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti... #ocean #co2 #flux #coral Shichen Tao, Lijia Xu, Qi Shi, Yongzhi Wang, Meixia Zhao, Shengnan Zhou, Xiaoju Liu

Distribution and air-sea fluxes of CO2 in coral reefs in the Greater Bay Area, China

From May to June 2021, the sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes around six coral reefs in the Great Bay Area (contain Pea…

sciencedirect.com

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3mo ago

Frederic Bonou et al.* take a look at the seasonal and interannual variability of various CO₂ variables in the Tropical Atlantic. doi.org/10.3390/jmse... A. Nathanael Dossa, Adeola M. Dahunsi and Zacharie Sohou

Figure 3. Spatial distribution of average (a) pCO₂, (b) FGCO₂, (c) total alkalinity (ALK), and (d) total inorganic carbon (TCO₂) over the period 1985 to 2022.

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3mo ago

Matthew Humphreys revisits the fundamentals of the effect of temperature on sea water fCO₂ and the resulting implications. doi.org/10.5194/os-2... #ocean #carbon

Figure 3: Variation in fCO2 with temperature, normalised to the linear fit of Lee and Millero (1995) (υl=4.26 % °C−1), according to the measurements of Lee and Millero (1995) (LM95; filled circles with vertical 1σ error bars) and the different fitted and theoretical values of υ computed under the conditions of the Lee and Millero (1995) experiment. uses Eq. (19) and the best-fit bh for the Lee and Millero (1995) dataset of 30 794 J mol−1 (Sect. 2.1.3). The line for υLu00 continues to decrease after exiting the figure, reaching −40 µatm at 35 °C.

Louise Delaigue @ldelaigue.bsky.social · 3mo ago

New preprint out 🌊 As part of @tricuso.bsky.social, we revisit the Southern Ocean CO₂ sink using both ship data (SOCAT) and year-round BGC-Argo floats in the last 20 years 🤖

The Southern Ocean CO2 sink in an evolving observing system | ESS Open Archive

essopenarchive.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 3mo ago

Shuo Li et al.* look at using wave-based parameterizations of gas transfer velocity in calculating air-sea CO₂ fluxes doi.org/10.1016/j.oc... #ocean #co2 #flux *Alexander V. Babanin, Qingxiang Liu, Changlong Guan

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doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 4mo ago

Brice Loose et al.* report their findings of air-sea gas exchanges observed during the MOSAIC Arctic mission doi.org/10.1525/elem... #ocean #arctic #mosaic Ilker Fer, Adam Ulfsbo, Melissa Chierici, Elise S. Droste, Daiki Nomura, Agneta Fransson, Mario Hoppema, Sinhué Torres-Valdés

Fig. 8: Instantaneous CO2 fluxes, driven by the gas transfer velocity (blue dots, scale on left axis), and the cumulative flux over the entire year of the MOSAiC drift (red line, scale on right axis).

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 4mo ago

Zheng-Xin Hu et al.* examine the variability of air-sea CO₂ fluxes and acidifcation in the Qingdao coastal waters. doi.org/10.1016/j.ma... Tie Li, Tian-Tian Ge, Jing-Wen Hu, Ping-Wang, Chun-Ying Liu, Gui-Peng Yang

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 4mo ago

P. Gooya, N. C. Swart, and P. Landschützer explore the predictive skills of the statistical methods used to gap-fill surface ocean CO₂ measurements. doi.org/10.1029/2023... #ocean #co2

Improving GCM‐Based Decadal Ocean Carbon Flux Predictions Using Observationally‐Constrained Statistical Models

We use observationally trained statistical models to obtain decadal predictions of ocean carbon flux from initialized GCM-based predictors The hybrid GCM-statistical ocean carbon flux predictions...

doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 4mo ago

Catherine Li, et al.* investigate the impact of marine heat waves on air-sea CO₂ fluxes. doi.org/10.1029/2024... #ocean #co2 #flux #MarineHeatWave * Friedrich Burger, Christoph Raible, Thomas Frölicher

Observed Regional Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on Sea‐Air CO2 Exchange

Marine heatwaves substantially affect local sea-air CO2 fluxes via oceanic pCO2 changes During MHWs, tropics decrease outgassing from lower dissolved inorganic carbon, while mid latitudes weaken ...

doi.org

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 5mo ago

A. Murata et al.* assess the impact of a positive Indian Ocean Dipole on the surface ocean CO₂ system in 2019. doi.org/10.1029/2024... #ocean #flux #co2 #IndianOcean *S. Kouketsu, K. Sasaoka, K. Arulananthan

Fig 2: SST in October 2019 (left column) and in December 2019 (right column) obtained from optimally interpolated (OI) SST products (microwave and infrared radiometers, spatial resolution = 9 km). The top and middle rows show monthly and climatological averages, respectively, and the bottom row shows anomalies from the climatology. The white line indicates 80°E, where the ship-based observations were made.

Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas @socatco2.bsky.social · 5mo ago

Shuo Li et al.* examine the possible effects of the sea state on the gas transfer parameterisation of air-sea CO₂ fluxes. doi.org/10.1016/j.oc... #ocean #co2 #flux Alexander V. Babanin, Qingxiang Liu, Changlong Guan

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TRICUSO @tricuso.bsky.social · 5mo ago

Two town halls, a co-chaired session titled 𝘛𝘩𝘦 #𝘚𝘰𝘶𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘖𝘤𝘦𝘢𝘯 #𝘊𝘢𝘳𝘣𝘰𝘯𝘚𝘪𝘯𝘬: 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘴, 𝘰𝘣𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘨𝘦 and a poster talk. Read all about how TRICUSO made a healthy splash in the heavily populated waters of #OSM26 in #Glasgow 👉 tricuso.eu/news/tricuso... @horizoneu.bsky.social #REA

Group picture of approximately 20 TRICUSO consortium representatives smiling at the camera at Ocean Sciences Meeting 2026 in Glasgow.