Tara Severns

@taraseverns.bsky.social

Nature geek. Percussionist. Retired academic librarian. Photos are mine CC-BY-NC-SA

Heart-leaf Philodendron (Philodendron hederaceum), Maile Pilau—Stink Vine (Paederia foetida), and Trailing Daisy (Sphagneticola trilobata), introduced. Keonepoko, Puna, Hawai‘i.

A climbing vine with velvety, heart-shaped leaves ascends a mossy tree trunk. One newly unfurled leaf is bronze while older leaves are deep green with pale veins. A small yellow daisy-like flower blooms below among glossy creeping foliage, with another vine twining through the scene.

Ferns: introduced Lauaʻe Haole—Golden Polypoidy (Phlebodium aureum) & Brown’s Sword Fern (Nephrolepis brownii) with endemic Wahine Noho Mauna—Mountain-dwelling Woman (Adenophorus tamariscinus). Bryophytes: endemic Bazzania cordistipula & Acroporium fuscoflavum with indigenous Pyrrhobryum Spiniforme.

A bright green, deeply lobed fern grows on a moss-covered tree trunk, surrounded by other ferns and dense mats of mosses and liverworts in a wet forest understory.

Alien ruderal species in action, including the sprawling Water Purslane (Ludwigia palustris), creeping Asiatic Wishbone Flower (Torenia asiatica), and edgy Flatsedges (Cyperus haspan and C. sp.). Waikahekaheiki, Puna, Hawaiʻi.

Close-up of a patch of compacted black cinder with several small plants growing from cracks in the dark, porous rock. At center, a sprawling mat-forming plant with reddish stems radiates outward, bearing pairs of small oval leaves tinged bronze and green. Above it, a creeping herb has pinkish stems and elongated, pointed flower buds. Tufts of bright yellow-green flatsedges with narrow, grass-like leaves emerge close by.