William I of Boulogne, second son of King Stephen, died in France on 11 October 1159. He was passed over as Stephen's successor to the English throne in favour of his cousin Henry and may have been involved in an unsuccessful plot to assassinate Henry and take the throne for himself.

The Mary Rose, which had been the pride of Henry VIII's English fleet until it sank in the Solent in 1545, was raised on 11 October 1982 by the Mary Rose Trust. She was one of the largest ships in the English navy and was one of the earliest examples of a purpose-built sailing warship.

The Duke and Duchess of Windsor's controversial German tour began on 11 October 1937.

The Duke and Duchess of Windsor's controversial German tour began on 11 October 1937.

George II and Caroline of Ansbach were crowned on 11 October 1727.

Pope Leo X conferred the title of 'Defender of the Faith' (Fidei Defensor) on Henry VIII on 11 October 1521 for his book supporting Catholic principles. The title was withdrawn after Henry broke from Rome but restored by Parliament to refer to the Church of England, not the Catholic church.

Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, was ousted as Lord Protector for Edward VI on 10 October 1549.

Edward the Black Prince, eldest son of Edward III, married Joan, Countess of Kent, on 10 October 1361; they were the parents of Edward III's successor, Richard II.

Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton, illegitimate son of Charles II and Barbara Villiers, colonel of the Grenadier Guards in 1681 and Vice-Admiral of England from 1682 to 1689, died in Ireland on 9 October 1690. His mother died in London on 9 October 1709.

Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, cousin of Elizabeth II, was born in London on 9 October 1935, son of Prince George, Duke of Kent (fourth son of George V) and Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark.

Mary Tudor, 18-year-old daughter of Henry VII, married 52-year-old Louis XII of France on 9 October 1514. Her marriage was short-lived, with her husband dying on 1 January 1515. She then married Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk.

Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, second surviving son of Edward III, died in Italy on 7 October 1368, possibly poisoned by the father of his second wife. He is an ancestor of every British monarch from Edward IV to the present day, with the single exception of Henry VII.

The first royal broadcast was made, by the Prince of Wales, on 2LO, on 7 October 1922, 11 days before it changed its named to the BBC.

Elizabeth II raised her brother-in-law, Antony Armstrong-Jones (Princess Margaret's husband), to the peerage as Earl of Snowdon and Viscount Linley of Nymans on 6 October 1961, a few weeks before the birth of his first child.

Prince Philip's parents, Prince Andrew of Greece and Princess Alice of Battenberg, were married in a civil ceremony in Darmstadt on 6 October 1903. Lutheran and Greek Orthodox ceremonies took place the following day.

Prince Henry of Battenberg, husband of Queen Victoria's youngest daughter Beatrice, was born in Milan on 5 October 1858.

Mary of Modena, Catholic second wife of James II and mother of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Old Pretender, was born in Modena on 5 October 1658.

Henry VII finally came face to face with the pretender Perkin Warbeck in Taunton on 5 October 1497 after Warbeck's supporters were defeated and Warbeck had been found after he tried to escape. He was pretending to be Richard, Duke of York, younger son of Edward IV.

The marriage treaty between Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves was signed on 4 October 1539.

Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Prince of Gwynedd and the last independent ruler of Wales, was executed by Edward I on 3 October 1283 for treason. His execution is the first recorded case of death by being hanged, drawn, and quartered.

Prince Maurice of Battenberg, son of Princess Beatrice and youngest grandchild of Queen Victoria, was born in Aberdeenshire on 3 October 1891. He was killed in action in 1914, before the family name change to Mountbatten, so was always a Battenberg.

Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, son of Henry IV and one of the regents for his nephew the young Henry VI, was born on 3 October 1390. He was eventually charged with treason and died in prison soon after.

Richard III was born in Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire, on 2 October 1452. He is controversial for overthrowing his nephew Edward V and taking the throne for himself; Edward and his younger brother Richard were imprisoned in the Tower of London, where they disappeared, presumed murdered.

Mary Tudor, younger sister of Henry VIII, left England for France on 2 October 1514 to marry the middle-aged Louis XII. Henry promised if she married Louis, she could choose her next husband if Louis predeceased her. He did predecease her, she did choose her next husband, and Henry was furious.

Eadwig of England died in Gloucester on 1 October 959 and was succeeded by his brother Edgar (the Peaceable).

Henry III, the son and successor of King John, was born in Winchester on 1 October 1207. He reigned for 56 years, from 1216 until his death.

Mary I (Tudor) of England was crowned on 1 October 1553, having become queen on 19 July, ending Jane Grey's nine-day reign. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, and reinstated Roman Catholicism to England during her reign.

Edgar the Peaceable, younger son of King Edmund I and his Queen, Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury, became king of all England on 1 October 959; he reigned until 975.

Ernst August, Elector of Hanover, married Sophia of the Palatinate, granddaughter of James I of England, on 30 September 1658. Sophia was designated as heir to Queen Anne under the terms of the Act of Settlement; however, she predeceased the queen, so her son succeeded Anne as George I.

Henry Bolingbroke was proclaimed Henry IV of England on 30 September 1399 upon the "voluntary" abdication of his cousin Richard II.