An activity-modulated transport route across myelin (TRAM) for motor-driven organelle transfer in oligodendrocytes - Nature Neuroscience

Axons require intracellular transport of cargoes between the soma and the terminus. The authors show a related logistical challenge exists at smaller scale with respect to the interaction of process-b...

nature.com

Mitochondrial accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction result in mitochondrial plaques in Alzheimer’s disease - Nature Neuroscience

Researchers identify mitochondrial plaques, a previously unrecognized and highly acidic mitochondria-based pathological structure in Alzheimer’s disease, and demonstrate that they result from the dual...

nature.com

<i>Abi3^S212F</i> Alzheimer's disease variant alters plaque structure and disrupts microglia

BACKGROUND Genetic variants affecting microglial function can influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The AD-associated ABI3S209F (Abi3S212F in mouse) ...

alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Cortical gray matter myelin cuts energy cost of spike propagation without increasing conduction velocity | PNAS

Myelin is a hallmark of vertebrate nervous systems, yet its roles in central axons remain elusive. Using optical and electrical recordings from thi...

pnas.org

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Plaque-associated oligodendrocyte proteostatic failure underlies myelin loss in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) features amyloid-β plaques and tau pathology, yet the mechanism underlying early and clinically significant myelin loss remains unresolved. Here, we report human iPSC-derived ...

biorxiv.org

Microglial TDP-43 mediates myelin refinement and represses Tyrobp cryptic exon inclusion in mice - Nature Neuroscience

Compagnion et al. show that TDP-43 loss in microglia causes myelin defects, oligodendrocyte precursor cell imbalance and motor deficits in mice. They identify TDP-43 as a regulator of the TREM2-DAP12 ...

nature.com

C1q and immunoglobulins mediate activity-dependent synapse loss in the adult brain

Complement component 1q (C1q), the initiator of the classical complement cascade, mediates synaptic elimination in development and disease, yet the triggers for its deposition on synapses remain uncle...

science.org

An intrinsic cytoskeletal oscillator establishes neuronal polarity - Nature

The ARP2/3 complex works together with actomyosin in an oscillatory program at the soma to govern neuronal polarization.

go.nature.com

Physical exercise mitigates amyloid beta-driven muscle degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder, with skeletal muscle dysfunction contributing substantially to frailty and…

sciencedirect.com

Cortical gray–white matter contrast alterations precede amyloid‐β positivity and macrostructural changes in older adults without dementia

INTRODUCTION Early Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves subtle cortical changes that may precede atrophy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) microstructural markers may detect earlier pathology than clas...

alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Early oligodendrocyte dysfunction signature in Alzheimer’s disease: Insights from DNA methylomics and transcriptomics - Molecular Psychiatry

Molecular Psychiatry - Early oligodendrocyte dysfunction signature in Alzheimer’s disease: Insights from DNA methylomics and transcriptomics

nature.com

Nuclear proteome reveals microtubule-associated protein regulating fate and disease

Nuclear and cytoplasmic proteomics uncover a nuclear pool of cytoskeletal proteins, including MAP1B, whose shuttling to the nucleus increases BRG1/BAF chromatin association and regulates brain development.

dlvr.it

Female Clinical Resilience Despite Pathologic Risk in Alzheimer Disease

This Perspective discusses female biology and resilience regarding Alzheimer disease despite pathologic risk.

jamanetwork.com

Microglial CD31 suppresses Aβ clearance and promotes Alzheimer pathology in 5×FAD mice - Nature Communications

Microglial CD31 is increased in Alzheimer’s disease and limits amyloid clearance. Reducing CD31 enhances Aβ degradation, alleviates pathology, and improves cognitive function in mouse models.

nature.com

Microglial mitochondria transfer to astrocytes via GPNMB-enriched extracellular vesicles alleviates cognitive deficits in tauopathy mice - Nature Neuroscience

In PS19 mice, microglia-derived glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B promotes mitochondrial extracellular vesicle secretion, enabling mitochondrial transfer to astrocytes. This improves astro...

nature.com

Early Myelination Supports the Establishment of Consistent Handedness

Early compact myelin is essential for the establishment but not the maintenance of consistent paw preference in mice. Congenital myelin absence reduces lateralization and creates a leftward bias, und...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Dysregulated oligodendrocyte and myelin dynamics as an early pathological feature of neuropil degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease: an ultrastructural study - Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder traditionally defined by the accumulation of amyloid‑β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Increasing evidence suggests that white...

link.springer.com

Foamy microglia link oxylipins to disease progression in multiple sclerosis - Nature Neuroscience

Foamy microglia are associated with multiple sclerosis progression, linking phagocytosis, altered lipid metabolism (oxylipins) and lysosomal stress to nonclassical neuroinflammation and disease severi...

nature.com

Astrocytes reduce microglial activation and enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis in acute inflammation

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a major process of neuronal plasticity involved in mood regulation and memory and is tightly regulated by the neurog…

sciencedirect.com

Spatial proteomic analysis in human Alzheimer’s disease brains enables identification of microenvironment-dependent microglial cell states - Nature Neuroscience

Myeloid cells show marked heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease. This study introduces CODEX-CNS, a single-cell spatial proteomics pipeline, and identifies a human microglial subpopulation enriched in ...

nature.com

Submicrometre sampling of living cells by macrophages - Nature

Macrophages can sample antigens from living cells through a trogocytosis-like mechanism&nbsp;that routes ingested material away from degradation, a finding that delineates a previously unknown pathway...

nature.com