Why haven't 🐺 in 🇪🇸 expanded their range despite lots of suitable habitat? It may be due to high resident mortality! A 10% reduction in mortality in established packs could double the occupied range, even if disperser mortality doesn't change: besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/...
Resident mortality determines grey wolf range dynamics
In the Iberian Peninsula, enabling recovery may require effective population-level protection. More broadly, down- and de-listing policies should be supported by explicit evaluation of the indirect d...
besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com