Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Diet, plasma proteomics, and risk of venous thromboembolism: a large-scale prospective cohort study - BMC Medicine

Background The EAT Lancet diet is increasingly recognized for its simultaneous benefits to human and planetary health. Its key components are known to exert anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects;...

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Frontiers | Association of dietary intake patterns with treatment outcomes in late-stage pancreatic tumors

BackgroundDietary intake patterns are increasingly recognized as potential factors associated with treatment response and survival in patients with advanced ...

frontiersin.org

Acute pancreatitis caused by severe hypertriglyceridemia in a 61-year-old man on a carnivore diet

cmaj.ca

Protein Intake and Kidney Outcomes in Nondialysis CKD Over 15 Years

This cohort study evaluates the association of objectively measured dietary protein intake with long-term kidney and clinical outcomes in adults with stages 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD).

jamanetwork.com

mdpi.com

Association of plant-based diet with cardiometabolic multimorbidity trajectory: A prospective study in UK Biobank

Plant-based diets have been consistently associated with a lower risk of several individual cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). However, whether such die…

sciencedirect.com

The 2025–30 US dietary guidelines for Americans reject scientific evidence, transparency, and planetary health

“Real Food Wins” greets you on realfood.gov following images of whole milk, steak, and broccoli. Given the widespread health harms of ultra-processed foods,1 the emphasis on real food is welcome. Howe...

thelancet.com

ijmr.org.in

Healthful and unhealthful plant-based diets and site-specific cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies - European Journal of Nutrition

European Journal of Nutrition - Plant-based diets have been proposed as beneficial for cancer risk reduction, though their impact may depend on their nutritional quality. We conducted a systematic...

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Stable isotope analysis reveals Bronze Age diets at Deh Dumen Iran - Scientific Reports

This study presents the first carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data from human bone collagen recovered from the Bronze Age Deh Dumen cemetery (ca. 2500–1500 BCE) in the southern Zagros Mountains. Th...

nature.com

Associations of plant-based diets with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and life expectancy among participants with cardiometabolic disorders from UK, US, and China

AbstractAims. It remains largely unknown whether and how plant-based diets are associated with mortality and life expectancy among people with cardiometabo

academic.oup.com

Association between plant-based diet quality and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among multiethnic adults - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition - Association between plant-based diet quality and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among multiethnic adults

nature.com

Plant-Based Diet and Pregnancy-Related Disorders: A Narrative Review - Current Nutrition Reports

Current Nutrition Reports - Plant-based diets (PBDs), characterized by minimal or no intake of animal-derived foods and increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, soy...

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ebm.bmj.com

Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and childhood obesity: a national population-based study - BMC Pediatrics

Background Aimed to investigate the association between a low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) score and the prevalence of obesity in a large, nationally representative sample of children and adolescents in the United States. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized data from participants aged 2–17 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003 to 2018. The exposure of interest was an LCD score, calculated based on the relative intake of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats from the mean of two 24-hour dietary recalls. The primary outcome was obesity, defined as a body mass index at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with three progressive models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and subgroup analyses were performed. Results A total of 12,684 participants were included in the final analysis, including 7,392 with obesity and 11,679 without obesity. After comprehensive adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and dietary covariates (including total energy intake), a higher LCD score was positively associated with the odds of obesity. When treated as a continuous variable, each one-unit increase in the LCD score corresponded to a 2% increase in the odds of obesity (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001). When categorized into quartiles, participants in the highest quartile (Q4) had 40% higher odds of obesity compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.17–1.68, P < 0.001). The RCS analysis confirmed a significant non-linear association between the LCD score and the odds of obesity (P for non-linearity = 0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analyses indicated that the association varied across strata; for instance, a significant positive association was observed in children aged 12 years and younger but not in older adolescents, and was stronger in males than in females, though formal tests for interaction were not statistically significant. Conclusion In this nationally representative sample of U.S. children and adolescents, a higher LCD score was associated with increased odds of obesity. This finding suggests that a dietary pattern characterized by a lower proportion of carbohydrates and higher proportions of fat and protein may reflect poor overall dietary quality rather than a structured, health-promoting diet, which is associated with higher obesity prevalence. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

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Maternal macronutrient intake and gestational diabetes: systematic review of prospective observational studies and dose-response meta-analyses - BMC Medicine

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication associated with markedly elevated risk of type-2 diabetes in later life. Pregnancy or pre-pregnancy diet is a likely risk factor for GDM, with macronutrients—including proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and alcohol—being the primary dietary components to influence risk. In this study, we have conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of pregnancy or pre-pregnancy dietary macronutrient intakes, including by source and type, on GDM occurrence to better elucidate the role of maternal diet on GDM. Methods We ran an online search on 15 August 2025 in OVID Medline, EMBASE, and EBM Reviews, augmented with reference searching to identify prospective observational studies reporting pregnancy or pre-pregnancy dietary intakes and GDM incidence. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were performed by at least two reviewers. Macronutrient exposures and GDM incidence were considered with random effects higher versus lower (HvL) and dose-response analyses. Certainty of evidence was then considered with GRADE to comment on maternal macronutrient intakes and GDM. Results From 3990 initial titles, we identified 25 prospective observational studies of 115,496 pregnant women reporting at least one macronutrient intake and GDM. There was moderate certainty evidence that animal-sourced protein (HvL: RR 1.62 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.18) I2 82%) and animal-sourced fat (HvL: RR 1.59 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.88) I2 0%) intakes were associated with higher GDM in a dose-response manner. Total protein (HvL: RR 1.63 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.18) I2 64%) and vegetable fat (HvL: RR 1.25 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.47) I2 0%) showed positive associations with outcome in HvL but without dose response, while dietary fiber (HvL: RR 0.65 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.96) I2 89%) was the only macronutrient to indicate a protective effect against GDM with higher intakes in a dose-response manner, with moderate certainty evidence. Conclusions This study is the first to consider maternal intake of all macronutrients, including by source and type, on GDM occurrence. Our findings are largely in line with healthy dietary advice for the general population (promoting high fiber and low animal-sourced fat intakes); however, higher protein intakes (both total and animal-sourced) may be a specific concern that is not currently considered in dietary guidance during pregnancy, requiring further research. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD420251001515).

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Inadequate Dietary Fibre Intake in Cardiovascular Disease Populations and Its Adverse Impact on Metabolic Health and Longevity: A National Retrospective Cohort Study

Despite the established benefits of dietary fibre for cardiovascular health, it remains unclear whether and how dietary fibre intake, particularly from specific food sources, influences all-cause and...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias in the Multiethnic Cohort Study | Neurology

Background and ObjectivesPlant-based diets have been linked to slower cognitive decline, but data on long-term dietary changes and from diverse populations are limited. The primary aim of this study w...

neurology.org

Plant-based dietary patterns and peak bone mass in healthy young adult women

Fifty percent of women over the age of 50 experience osteoporotic fractures. However, peak bone mass is achieved in young adulthood. Recent research s…

sciencedirect.com

Frontiers | Unravelling prostate cancer risk and protective factors among urology patients in a Tanzanian population

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among men globally. The prevalence is disproportionate among men...

frontiersin.org

Healthy plant-based and healthy Brazilian dietary patterns are associated with a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome (CUME Study)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition and a growing public health concern due to its association with cardiometabolic diseases. Given the central role of dietary patterns in the prev...

nmcd-journal.com

Vegetarian advantage in muscle performance: Novel evidence from controlled isokinetic assessments

A variety of factors can contribute to muscular performance, including diet. Vegetarian diets are characterized by higher intakes of carbohydrates, mi…

sciencedirect.com