Prison Policy Initiative

@prisonpolicy.org

Challenging mass incarceration and over-criminalization through research, advocacy, and organizing. Get email updates: https://prisonpolicy.org/subscribe/

Parole and probation extend state control. It's good and necessary to get our people out of jail or prison so they can defend their case. But we've also seen probation officers deny someone the ability to travel out of a ban state to get an abortion, robbing them of basic dignity.

Prison Policy Initiative@prisonpolicy.org · 4mo ago

🚨NEW REPORT: Most people think of probation and parole as pathways away from the carceral system — but that couldn't be further from the truth. New data reveal how community supervision has grown in parallel with mass incarceration and widened the net of social control 🧵

Graph showing the growth of mass incarceration and mass supervision in the U.S.

Hundreds of girls in the US are confined by the juvenile justice system for “status offenses,” like running away or truancy. Confinement for these offenses is particularly troubling because those behaviors tend to be responses to abuse. More care, less confinement.

Pie chart slicing showing that almost 7,000 girls are confined by various legal systems, often for non-serious and even non-criminal offenses. 3700 are in the juvenile justice system, and 3100 are in the immigration system.

In the 1960s, Colorado and several other states eliminated most mental health care beds in its hospitals, shifting toward community-based care. But funding and infrastructure never caught up, and now many people with severe mental illness are held in jail.

The Jail That Replaced Boulder’s Mental Health System   - Bolts

Colorado’s dysfunctional system for restoring competency for defendants with serious mental illness leaves people cycling in and out of jail, where harsh conditions can further erode their mental health.

boltsmag.org

As the U.S. expands criminalization, the situation is particularly dire for folks who struggle with mental illness. One study shows that forced hospitalizations double the risk of being charged with a crime and risk of death by suicide/overdose in the 3 months after discharge:

Screenshot of a two-panel graph showing the average treatment effects over six months comparing hospitalized patients and control compliers:

Panel A shows that violent crime charges rise more for hospitalized patients

Panel B shows that deaths by suicide or overdose also increase more for hospitalized patients

Study: https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff_reports/sr1158.pdf

ICE's deportation agenda wouldn't be possible without the help of local police. Take a look at Florida, which requires local law enforcement to collaborate with federal agents. As a result, the state has had much higher rates of immigration-related arrests:

Bar graph comparing ICE arrests per 100,000 residents in 2025 across Illinois (blocks local law enforcement from collaborating with ICE), New Jersey (allows collaboration), and Florida (mandates collaboration). Over two four-month periods, Florida had the highest arrest rates, thanks in large part to ICE having access to its jails.

Thousands of unaccompanied immigrant children could lose their lawyers beginning Friday as federally funded contracts supporting them are set to expire, prompting advocates to warn that the move will leave vulnerable minors to face deportation proceedings frightened and alone.

Thousands of Migrant Kids Are Set to Lose to Legal Representation

Expiration of federally funded contracts will leave some 20,000 children to face deportation proceedings alone.

truthout.org

Disability Pride Month may be ending, but the U.S.'s rampant criminalization & incarceration of people with disabilities remains a crisis. People with disabilities are overrepresented at all stages of the criminal legal system, from jail and prison to probation and parole.

Orange and yellow bar chart showing that 15% of U.S. adults have a disability, compared to 40% of people in state prisons.

👉 In 2024, there were fewer than 100,000 federal bookings. 📈 Now, the Trump admin projects that in 2027 it will book 250,000 people into jail — with a primary focus on immigration-related criminal charges. This rapid expansion of the federal system makes us all less safe.

Line chart showing the number of people annually booked into U.S. Marshals custody by charge (immigration, drugs, weapons, other) from 1994-2025. Includes projections for 2026 & 2027, a sharp increase to 250,000 mainly driven by immigration.

"Unsanitary food and water, lack of medical care, widespread physical abuse... along with racist abuse and a complete absence of justice and due process" ICE spends $14 million PER DAY on detention, and its facilities are still hellscapes rife with abuse.

Hunger strikes spreading in ICE jails amid due process violations, advocates say

Immigrant rights advocates say more detainees are risking their lives to protest inhumane conditions and legal rights violations

prismreports.org

1 in 61 people nationwide are under some form of correctional control — and the vast majority of them are on probation or parole. Mass punishment in the U.S. is off the charts, even in "progressive" states.

Graph showing mass punishment rates by state as of 2026. It compares combined incarceration and community supervision across U.S. states, with high rates near 3,000 per 100,000 on the left falling to about 814 on the right, highlighting Minnesota (1,830), Alaska (1,589), and Massachusetts (814).

Federal agents have killed 4 people this month. These shootings aren't isolated tragedies—they are the predictable consequence of a public safety strategy that prioritizes arrests and political spectacle over actual safety, accountability, and human life.

Out-of-Control Federal Law Enforcement Is Undermining Public Safety

This month, agents of the federal government, including the National Guard, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and U.S. Immigration and Customs…

vera.org

🚨NEW: Pres. Trump's belligerent use of policing and prosecutions has already left its mark on the federal system. Over the last two years, federal incarceration and detention have grown by 12%, with immigration detention and prosecution being a main driver. 🧵

Line chart showing that the number of people confined by federal agencies is more than six times greater in 2026 (260,000) than it was in 1984, although it remains below its 2011 peak.