SGLT2 Inhibitors for Prevention of AKI

This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether initiating dapagliflozin, compared with placebo, 1 day prior to elective cardiac surgery reduces the incidence of acute kidney injury at 7 days after s...

jamanetwork.com

Prognosis of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism During Extended Apixaban Therapy for Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Insights From the API-CAT Randomized Trial | Circulation

ahajournals.org

Caffeine and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | Circulation

Caffeine is one of the most commonly consumed drugs in the world. It is found in various naturally occurring substances and can be ingested in a synthetically derived pure form. The majority of human subject–based research is observational and has focused on beverages and foods that contain caffeine. The relationships between caffeine and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases are complex, exhibiting heterogeneity depending on the nature of the caffeine consumed and individual-level propensities. Acute versus chronic caffeine-associated cardiovascular effects are often different. Most studies suggest an inverse J-shaped relationship between consumption of naturally occurring caffeinated products and blood pressure. Data on relationships between caffeine and diabetes are not consistent, but habitual coffee consumption has been associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Whereas no clear relationship between caffeine and blood lipids is evident, unfiltered coffee raises low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Caffeine, studied primarily in the context of coffee, has been shown either to have no relationship or to be associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Randomized controlled trial data among regular caffeinated coffee drinkers showed that caffeinated coffee decreases the risk of atrial fibrillation occurrence but increases the frequency of premature ventricular contractions. Data are fairly consistent that moderate caffeine consumption, again studied primarily in the setting of coffee consumption, was associated with a lower risk of stroke. Data on high doses of caffeine such as that found in energy drinks are limited and generally suggest cardiovascular harm.

ahajournals.org

Guidelines for Prevention and Management of Complications of Injection Drug Use- A WikiGuidelines Group Consensus Statement

The WikiGuidelines organization seeks to improve the process of guideline writing. WikiGuideline consensus statements use a dichotomized approach to recommendations, such that recommendations are made...

amjmed.com

Switch to once-weekly, single-tablet islatravir–lenacapavir from daily standard of care for HIV-1 (ISLEND-2): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, active-controlled, phase 3 non-inferiority trial

Once-weekly islatravir–lenacapavir showed non-inferior efficacy to the standard of care and was generally well tolerated. Longer-term safety data will provide further valuable insights beyond the week...

thelancet.com

Alcohol Intake and Health Study: No Protective Effect at Low Levels, With Mortality Increasing to 1 in 25 at 14 Drinks Per Week: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs: Vol 87, No 4

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the lifetime risk of alcohol-attributable mortality and morbidity in the United States based on a person’s average lifetime weekly alcohol consumption to assess the impact of per-occasion alcohol consumption on health. Method: Lifetime risks were estimated using a cause-specific modeling approach that combined exposure data from national health surveys, relative risks, population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and morbidity data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. A narrative review assessed the health impact of per-occasion alcohol consumption on health. Results: At low levels of consumption, no protective net effect of alcohol consumption on health was observed. Elevated mortality and morbidity risks were associated with alcohol consumption starting at relatively low levels. Males consuming >6.5 (95% CI [<1, 13.5]) and females consuming >7.0 (95% CI [<1, 11.5]) drinks per week had life-time alcohol-attributable mortality risks >1:1,000. At >8.5 (95% CI [2.5, 13]) drinks per week for both males and females, these risks increased to >1:100. At 14 drinks per week for males (the upper limit of the former Dietary Guidelines for males), the risk of an alcohol-caused death was 1:25 (4%). Drinking patterns also impacted risk. Above 1 drink per occasion, higher consumption was associated with progressively increased risks of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and injury. Conclusions: Alcohol consumption, including at what may be perceived as “moderate” levels, is associated with increased mortality and morbidity risks. These results support tightening alcohol use guidance in the United States, for both males and females, to no more than 1 drink per day. Public health significance statement: The Alcohol Intake and Health Study shows that for Americans, even what is socially considered “moderate drinking” increases the risk of dying or developing health problems, helping people better understand the net health impact of alcohol. Furthermore, by identifying the levels of alcohol use that raise the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and injury, these findings can guide individuals, families, and communities in making safer choices about drinking patterns. The results also support changing the U.S. Dietary Guidelines on alcohol to recommend that current adult drinkers consume 1 drink or less in a day.

jsad.com

Guideline on the emergency management of critical bleeding in patients with immune thrombocytopenia

Background. For patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), a critical bleed, such as intracranial hemorrhage or bleeding causing hemodynamic instability,

ashpublications.org

ACP Journals

acpjournals.org

Management of Peripheral Artery Disease in Adults With Diabetes: 2025 ACC Scientific Statement: A Report of the American College of Cardiology

jacc.org

Global Burden of Elevated LDL-C

This study from the Global Burden of Disease quantifies the global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) a...

jamanetwork.com

YEARS Algorithm for Diagnosis of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With Cancer

This randomized noninferiority clinical trial evaluates whether the YEARS diagnostic algorithm is as safe and efficient as computed tomographic pulmonary angiography for ruling out pulmonary embolism in patients with active cancer.

jamanetwork.com

Deprescribing in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Experiencing Polypharmacy: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | Circulation

Polypharmacy in patients with cardiovascular disease occurs frequently across the age spectrum and can lead to inappropriate prescribing and adverse outcomes. Despite polypharmacy being a known proble...

ahajournals.org

Intravenous iron to treat anaemia before cardiac surgery (ITACS): international, double blind, placebo controlled randomised trial

Objective To evaluate the effects of intravenous iron on red cell transfusion and recovery after cardiac surgery. Design International, multicentre, double blind, placebo controlled randomised trial ...

bmj.com

First-Line Sunvozertinib in NSCLC with EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations | NEJM

Sunvozertinib received accelerated approval for use in later lines of therapy for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 inse...

nejm.org

Survodutide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Adults with Obesity | NEJM

Although medications with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist activity have transformed the management of obesity and shown substantial cardiometabolic benefits, unmet needs remain. Su...

nejm.org

AHA/ACC/ESC/WHF Expert Consensus Document: Second Universal Definition of Heart Failure (2026) | Circulation

Heart failure (HF) remains a pressing health concern, with rising prevalence globally. Subjectivity and ambiguity in the definition of HF and its antecedent stages have limited research, global survei...

ahajournals.org

Polypill for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the POLY-HF randomized trial - Nature Medicine

In an open-label randomized trial, a polypill containing three types of heart failure medication (metoprolol, spironolactone and empagliflozin) improved left ventricular ejection fraction and resulted...

nature.com

A meta-analysis of the long-term effects of antihypertensive therapy on the risk of major cardiovascular disease across 51 randomized trials - Nature Medicine

Results from an individual participant data meta-analysis across 51 randomized trials challenge the assumption that the cardiovascular benefits from antihypertensive treatment compound over a prolonged duration of treatment.

nature.com

Talquetamab–Daratumumab in Relapsed or Refractory Myeloma | NEJM

Talquetamab, a bispecific antibody targeting GPRC5D and CD3, has led to durable responses in patients with heavily pretreated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in phase 1–2 trials, with a lim...

nejm.org