Illuminating NAD+ Metabolism in Live Cells and In Vivo Using a Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor

(Developmental Cell 53, 240–252.e1–e7; April 20, 2020)

dlvr.it

Cell cycle arrest of a craniofacial epithelial population shapes faces in mice and humans

Qu and Faure et al. identify a cell cycle-arrested epithelial population involved in facial prominence fusion in mouse and human embryos. Their findings link disrupted cell cycle arrest to facial clefting in mouse models and identify PBX1 and ZFHX3 as regulators of cell cycle inhibitors during facial development.

dlvr.it

A Ca2+ sensor-transcription factor cascade regulates cell-wall fortification and broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice

Lu et al. identify a ROD1-OsVAL2-OsDOF3-OsCSE regulatory cascade downstream of Ca2+ sensing that promotes lignin deposition and cell-wall fortification, conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice.

dlvr.it

Inducible human yolk sac myeloid progenitors model myeloid ontogeny and enable tissue-resident macrophage replacement in vivo

Martinez-Muriana and Fattorelli et al. develop an in vitro platform to generate human inducible yolk sac myeloid progenitors (iYSMPs) from PSCs. iYSMPs recapitulate human embryonic yolk sac progenitors transcriptionally and, upon xenotransplantation, seed multiple organs to generate tissue-resident macrophages, providing a foundation to study human myeloid ontogeny and macrophage cell replacement therapy.

dlvr.it

Spatially resolved genome architecture in mouse embryonic development

Ma et al. establish SpaceA for spatial 3D-genome profiling, uncovering tissue-specific chromatin dynamics driving mouse embryonic developmental programs.

dlvr.it

Nitrate-responsive Sialin2 couples stress granule assembly and clearance to maintain neuronal homeostasis

Li et al. identify nitrate-responsive Sialin2 as a regulator that couples stress granule assembly to autophagy-linked recovery, thereby preserving condensate reversibility and limiting disease-associated client retention and neurodegenerative pathology.

dlvr.it

Self-organizing human dual neural organoids model regional disease defects and teratogenicity

Lu et al. develop human neural organoids that recapitulate self-organized peripheral and central neural co-development. This model reveals Wnt signaling’s bidirectional role in fate determination, uncovers lineage-specific disease phenotypes, and facilitates visual teratogenic risk assessment, thereby providing a physiologically relevant platform for neurogenesis research, disease modeling, and drug discovery.

dlvr.it

Chromatin context shapes SPT5 regulation of promoter-proximal Pol II, fine-tuning gene expression changes during Drosophila embryogenesis

Using rapid SPT5 depletion, Dulja et al. uncover different molecular phenotypes at different embryonic stages. In early embryos, SPT5 depletion shifts Pol II from the pausing site to the +1 nucleosome, while in late embryos Pol II moves past the +1 nucleosome causing up- and downregulation of expression and lethality.

dlvr.it

Natural variation in TOLS1 modulates salt tolerance via OsRacB-Ca2+ signaling pathway in rice

Many salt-tolerance QTLs have been identified in rice, but only a few underlying genes have been cloned and mechanistically characterized. Feng et al. identify TOLS1, a major QTL gene encoding a protein that enhances OsRacB GTPase activity, thereby attenuating salt-induced cytosolic Ca2+ signaling and modulating rice salt tolerance.

dlvr.it

Senescent cells maintain viability through adhesion-dependent fragmentation that promotes debris deposition

Durik et al. show that senescent cells generate fragments, termed SCAFs, that support survival by shedding damaged intracellular material. SCAF rupture releases DAMPs, amyloid-like proteins, and bioactive cargo, promoting wound-healing and cancer-associated programs. These findings identify fragmentation as a previously unrecognized hallmark of senescence with implications for aging, cancer, and neurodegeneration.

dlvr.it

Functional versatility of synergid cells in plant reproduction

In this review, Li et al. discuss the diverse functions of synergid cells at different reproductive stages, including pollen tube guidance, pollen tube reception, and fertilization recovery, to ensure double fertilization success in flowering plants. They also highlight unanswered scientific questions and future directions in synergid cells research.

dlvr.it

Postnatal Pax7-expressing limb cells are multipotent and generate non-myogenic lineages that persist into adulthood

Gioftsidi, Hayashi, et al. uncover that in mouse neonatal hindlimb muscles Pax7 progenitors generate both myogenic and non-myogenic cells, including a specific subpopulation of fibroblast-like cells, which they call Pax7FAPs. This multipotency declines with age, but perinatally-derived Pax7FAPs can be found in adult muscle.

dlvr.it

Tumors exploit interclonal Hedgehog-Wnt crosstalk to drive tumor-promoting cell competition

Intratumoral heterogeneity fuels cancer progression through poorly understood cooperative mechanisms. Kong et al. reveal that tumors exploit interclonal Hedgehog-Wnt crosstalk to drive “tumor-promoting cell competition,” where dying subclones secrete signals that transform neighbors into invasive super-competitors, identifying a conserved therapeutic vulnerability in pancreatic cancer.

dlvr.it

A VHL-HIF signaling axis orchestrates invariant natural killer T cell development and fate decisions

Li et al. show that the VHL-HIF axis controls invariant NKT cell development. VHL loss stabilizes HIF1α, which drives iNKT cell apoptosis and blocks iNKT2 fate via mitochondrial metabolism, and HIF2α, which suppresses iNKT17 specification through IL2RA-STAT5 signaling, impairing antitumor immunity.

dlvr.it

Proteasome-dependent protein degradation shapes developmental tempo in mouse and human neural progenitors

Why do mammalian species develop at different speeds? Nakanoh, Stamataki, et al. show that mouse neural progenitors have faster protein synthesis and proteasome-mediated degradation than human. Manipulating proteasome activity alters the pace of neural development, implicating protein turnover in the evolution of developmental tempo.

dlvr.it

Systematic differences in protein stability underlie species-specific developmental tempo

Using dynamic SILAC proteomics, Matsuda et al. show that protein degradation is globally slower in human than in mouse segmentation clock cells. Glycolysis inhibition in mouse partially phenocopies the human protein stability profile, linking metabolism, protein stability, and developmental tempo.

dlvr.it

Elongating human heart organoids recapitulate early cardiac morphogenesis and axial organization

Lee and Kim et al. generate elongating heart organoids (EHOs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells. EHOs undergo elongation and looping-like morphogenesis and establish venous-arterial axial patterning with venous pole-initiated contractile propagation. EHOs provide a human platform to study early cardiac morphogenesis and congenital heart disease.

dlvr.it

A thermoregulatory module for timekeeping in Arabidopsis

He et al. show that PRR9 contributes to thermal adaptation by transmitting temperature signals and maintaining a relatively stable circadian period across a range of temperatures. The study provides insight into how the circadian clock mediates diurnal and seasonal temperature-sensing.

dlvr.it

Dissecting human organ development using spatial technologies

In this review, Zhang et al. discuss recent advances in spatial omics and their applications to human development. They highlight how spatial profiling, combined with stem cell-derived organoids and c...

shorturl.at

Glia orchestrate neural circuit development

In this review, Sakers et al. discuss how astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocyte lineage cells actively regulate neural circuit formation, refinement, and stabilization. They propose that coordina...

cell.com

Noncanonical caps, m6A, and Ψ RNA modifications in plant and animal development

In this review, Chen et al. discuss how three types of RNA modifications—noncanonical caps, m6A, and pseudouridine—regulate animal and plant development. Elucidating the underlying mechanism and funct...

cell.com

Relative tension shapes embryos - Nature Cell Biology

Nature Cell Biology - Relative tension shapes embryos

nature.com

Redirecting

doi.org

Glia orchestrate neural circuit development

In this review, Sakers et al. discuss how astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocyte lineage cells actively regulate neural circuit formation, refinement, and stabilization. They propose that coordina...

cell.com