John Lees

@johnlees.bacpop.org

Pathogen informatics and modelling http://bacpop.org (Research group leader at EMBL-EBI - http://ebi.ac.uk/research/lees/)

Nick Croucher, Ewan Harrison and I have a project available here 'Pathogen antigen discovery and immune profiling': www.embl.org/editorhub/wp... Applications open until 27th September

embl.org

EMBL-EBI@ebi.embl.org · last wk.

📣 We're recruiting for the EMBL-EBI-Sanger Postdoctoral (ESPOD) programme! ESPOD builds on the collaborative relationship between EMBL-EBI and the @sangerinstitute.bsky.social, offering projects that combine wet and dry-lab experience. Learn more & apply: www.ebi.ac.uk/research/pos...

What is an 'everyday task' and what is a 'complex problem' in bioinformatics software engineering? Feels more important use the right model now they're not so heavily subsidised! I did a small comparison on an optimisation task: johnlees.me/posts/ska2-c... Small/cheap model wasn't good enough

Credit use of AI models for bioinformatics: a tiny benchmark

Agentic coding models such as codex and claude code are really useful for software engineering tasks. We sadly (and unsurprisingly) seem to be exiting the era of highly subsidised costs to get us hook...

johnlees.me

We've been looking at how to compare and cluster large numbers of genomes, such as those in large isolate databases such as AllTheBacteria, and metagenome assemblies (e.g. SPIRE, MGnify). On a combined dataset of 5.6 million assemblies, we can now cluster/dereplicate everything in under a day!

Johanna von Wachsmann@johannavw.bsky.social · 2mo ago

🧬 New preprint! We clustered 5.6 million bacterial genomes into genomically cohesive units (GCUs) 500× faster than existing tools. (In just 14 hours, 16.5 GB RAM using 48 CPUs). 🦠🐙Meet gemsparcl 💎✨! www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

New work on using transformers (using gene order) for tasks in genomic epidemiology: www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6... We trained BART models (w/ extended context windows) on E.coli and S.pneumo from AllTheBacteria and tested if the model could find new strains, insertions (blaCTX-M) and co-selection

Embeddings of gene order from PanBART model
Sam Horsfield@samuelhorsfield.bsky.social · 3mo ago

Our new preprint is out! We train a transformer on gene order and gene content of bacterial pathogens, applying it to a range of epidemiological and evolutionary analyses (1/8) www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

Applications now open for the UNIL Summer School on Modelling for Evolutionary Biology (31 Aug–5 Sep 2026, Lausanne)! For PhD & postdocs interested in formal approaches to evolutionary ecology (incl. social evo, life-history, species interactions). Scholarships available, Pls RP! shorturl.at/fo1GA

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Minor update on genomics of the menB outbreak. UKHSA have updated with four more outbreak isolates, and a high quality assembly of the earlier genome. tl;dr ran ska+gubbins again, same results, all of these genomes look basically identical www.bacpop.org/blog/menb_up...

Updated genomic analysis of the 2026 menB outbreak in Kent, UK

This is a brief update to the previous menB analysis we’d posted here. UKHSA have released a technical briefing and further data which includes four further isolates from the outbreak, and a high qual...

bacpop.org

A quick rant on people vibe-translating our Rust libraries to other languages That's the second time in a week that I see new bioinformatics tools with a vibe-coded translation of our Rust libraries to C/C++. I have two major issues with that:

I did my PhD on bacterial meningitis, finding whether there are genetic factors which make meningitis more likely. Wrote down some initial thoughts on the current outbreak in Kent: johnlees.me/posts/menb-o... I tried to think of factors and their likelihood to explain why this is happening now

menB outbreak in Kent -- initial thoughts

A cluster of meningitis cases is currently dominating the UK news. At least five of the cases have been confirmed as serotype B (menB), from what I can tell the others have not yet been analysed. My P...

johnlees.me

Delighted to see over 17 million new protein structure predictions from novel proteins in AllTheBacteria are now integrated into the AlphaFold Database at @ebi.embl.org ! Huge work from @gbouras13.bsky.social @oschwengers.bsky.social and friends to generate these. www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/u...

AlphaFold Database welcomes community datasets

Latest AlphaFold Database update adds high-value datasets for microbial and viral proteins, generated by specialist communities

ebi.ac.uk

How do bacterial pangenomes evolve, what controls their dynamics, why do they exist? Fitting a mechanistic model to 450 species from allthebacteria.org suggesting fast vs slow gene exchange (i.e. amount of MGEs) is a major differentiating factor, correlated with phylogeny rather than lifestyle

Proportion of fast genes, as a trait mapped on the bacteria-wide phylogeny
Sam Horsfield@samuelhorsfield.bsky.social · 6mo ago

At long last, my final PhD chapter is out: we developed a novel evolutionary simulator of bacterial pangenomes, Pansim, fitting it to data from >600K genomes using a likelihood-free framework, PopPUNK-mod, to explore neutral and adaptive pangenome dynamics www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

Super excited to announce the release of gene and intergenic region annotation from the largest bacterial genome and MAG datasets available, including AllTheBacteria, GTDB, SPIRE, HRGM, mOTUs and MGnify - dereplicated and available from HuggingFace huggingface.co/AllTheBacteria

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