Andrew Wehrman

@profwehrman.bsky.social

History professor at CMU and author of "The Contagion of Liberty: The Politics of Smallpox in the American Revolution" Vaccination is patriotic. New book project(!) tentatively titled: Afterlife and Liberty: New York City’s Doctors’ Riot of 1788

Congratulations Abdul!!!! I can’t believe I know a Democratic nominee for Senate! Or that this picture was 11 years ago. The idea of Abdul being in the Senate advocating for public health and access to health care, especially at a time when RFKJ is in charge at HHS, is incredible to contemplate.

Kathleen Bachynski@bachynski.bsky.social · last mo.

I don’t exactly have the power of an AOC endorsement, but I’ve known Abdul for quite some time and I would be thrilled to see him represent public health in the Senate. He was our class speaker when I graduated from undergrad (Go Blue!) and then I got to know him better when were both at Columbia.

If Abdul El-Sayed wins the primary in Michigan today and goes on to win in November, he will be the first Democratic Senator to hold and medical degree and be a public health expert since Sen. Royal Copeland (former NYC health commissioner) died in 1938.

If Abdul El-Sayed wins the primary in Michigan today and goes on to win in November, he will be the first Democratic Senator to hold and medical degree and be a public health expert since Sen. Royal Copeland (former NYC health commissioner) died in 1938.

Glad to see my friend and former Marietta College colleague standing up against the terrible damage fracking is causing in Southeast Ohio. I can’t tell you how many times I was gaslit when I lived there about how safe it was. www.nytimes.com/2026/07/29/c...

In Ohio, Toxic Wastewater Is Bubbling Up Out of the Ground (Gift Article)

The state is a major importer of fracking wastewater, which gets pumped underground but doesn’t always stay there. The city of Marietta is fighting back.

nytimes.com

Amazingly, this is not a unique experience! “In 2003, a librarian in New Mexico opened a book and an envelope containing lesion crusts fell out of the book (Figure 3, panel C). The envelope was labeled “scabs from vaccination of W.B. Yarrington’s children,” and the book was dated 1888.”

Poxvirus Viability and Signatures in Historical Relics

Poxvirus Viability and Signatures in Relics

wwwnc.cdc.gov

Ada Palmer@adapalmer.bsky.social · 2w ago

Historian friend was reading a civil war era letter in an archive, the letter said “In this envelope I include my smallpox scabs” and sure enough there they were. Had to call CDC for a hazmat team.

YIKES! I always had this worry when doing my research but fortunately never ran into anything like this. I did question how I should be handling doctors’ notebooks from a smallpox hospital that looked like they hadn’t been opened in centuries, but luckily no scabs.

Ada Palmer@adapalmer.bsky.social · 2w ago

Historian friend was reading a civil war era letter in an archive, the letter said “In this envelope I include my smallpox scabs” and sure enough there they were. Had to call CDC for a hazmat team.

Probably more helpful to think of them not so much as “Canadian wildfires” but rather “climate change wildfires currently consuming Canada”

Enjoy fireworks on the 4th? Thank vaccines for making this (still dangerous) activity safer! Before routine vaccination for tetanus in the 1940s, the patriotic spirit every 4th of July was muted shortly thereafter when newspapers reported deaths from lockjaw (aka tetanus) in the days that followed.

"Glorious Fourth and Its Lockjaw" Headline from the Richmond Item in Richmond, Indiana in 1908."More Victims of Fireworks: Lockjaw Reaps a Rich Harvest in Many Places" Report from the Baltimore Sun, July 16, 1903 detailing a few of the fireworks deaths from across the country.Before the 4th of July in 1908, the Indiana Board of Health produced a report on fireworks and lockjaw and discovered that 60% of the 64 deaths in the state the previous year from lockjaw occurred in July, likely caused by infections after fireworks.Headline: "Advises Vaccine for Fireworks Injuries" The cause of tetanus was discovered in the 1880s and the first vaccine began to be produced in the 1920s. Here the city health department in Lansing, Michigan calls for the use of tetanus vaccine for the public on July 3, 1923, as the army was starting to do for gunpowder burns. Routine vaccination for tetanus nationwide was not available until the 1940s.

Much is made of the 27 grievances in the Declaration and how some of them are thin or contrived. It’s really a wonder that blaming the King for spreading smallpox among them. It was widely thought that the British army was purposely trying to infect both the Continental Army and the American people🧵

Today is the 250th anniversary of Boston’s mass inoculation against smallpox on July 3, 1776. The city was effectively closed to commerce from July through September 1776. The mass immunization effort was cheered as evidence of true independence. Here's how I described it in my book:

While John Adams and fifty-five men in Philadelphia debated a resolution on independence and the final wording of the Declaration of Independence, the people of Boston declared their own independence from smallpox. The measures taken in both cities provided hope that America would not only be a republic free of a king but also a country free from disease. On July 3, 1776, a day after independence was declared in Philadelphia, the Massachusetts General Court voted to allow inoculation. Despite the dangers of infection, the people of Boston and the surrounding areas cheered the news. Ezekiel Price, a court official and insurance broker, declared “Liberty is given for to inoculate for the small-pox; many begin upon it this afternoon.” Hannah Winthrop described the scene: “Boston has given up its Fears of an invasion & is busily employd in Communicating the Infection. Straw Beds & Cribs are daily Carted into the Town.” She wrote that “Men Women & children eagerly crowding to inoculate is I think as modish as running away from the Troops of a barbarous George was the last year.” Dr. James Warren wrote to John Adams that the “rage for inoculation” had “whirled me into its vortex.…”  Warren and his wife Mercy Otis joined Abigail Adams and her four children who had been invited to be inoculated at Abigail’s uncle’s house in Boston along with Abigail’s sisters Elizabeth Cranch and Mary Shaw and their families. Even though Boston was teeming with the sick, the prospect that the city could conquer smallpox made it "a scene delightful indeed." Cotton Tufts was satisfied that he could now "take my leave of Earth, satisfied that the Day of American Redemption was at Hand."

I’m with my son at the orthodontist and they have a “fun fact” slideshow about teeth in the waiting room. One of the facts is that George Washington had wooden teeth. I’m currently doing my best to suppress my historian rage. We’ll see if it lasts.

I’m saddened to hear the news of the great historian Gordon Wood. I got into grad school in part based on bashing his “Radicalism” in my cover letter, but I was fortunate enough to have dinner with him a couple of times and he was lovely and supportive of my scholarship. Truly a loss of a giant.

“It’s difficult to apply history to modern day; most scenarios are deeply nuanced, with too many extraneous factors to allow for a fair equivalence. Even so, Boston’s early public health system relied on an essential ingredient lacking today: trust.”

Andrew Wehrman@profwehrman.bsky.social · 2mo ago

I’m happy to have had my research featured in this piece for @wgbh.org! It’s a short version of the arguments I made in my book, namely that revolutionary Americans understood their government had a duty to protect them from epidemic disease. www.wgbh.org/news/local/2...

I’m happy to have had my research featured in this piece for @wgbh.org! It’s a short version of the arguments I made in my book, namely that revolutionary Americans understood their government had a duty to protect them from epidemic disease. www.wgbh.org/news/local/2...

The other enemy America was fighting 250 years ago: Smallpox

As smallpox spread, colonists equated public health with self-governance, demanding that local officials track outbreaks and protect the public from contagion.

wgbh.org