Pyocyanin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa creates legacy effects that promote antibiotic resistance evolution in enterococci | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Bacterial infections may consist of different species that together form a polymicrobial community, as is the case in urinary tract infections (UTIs) (1–3). The response to antibiotic treatment of suc...

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A hierarchical regulatory cascade defines the temporal window of natural transformation in Staphylococcus aureus

Natural transformation (NT), a major mechanism of horizontal gene transfer, promotes bacterial genome plasticity and contributes to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. NT requires the developm...

biorxiv.org

Collateral effects of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter jejuni

Collateral effects in antibiotic sensitivity related to antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter jejuni.

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Acquisition of a gene cluster in Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype 023 strains enables xylitol utilization | mSphere

Genetic factors aiding in the emergence of the opportunistic pathogen Clostridioides difficile are poorly understood. Infections with clade 3 (PCR ribotype 023) strains causing severe disease have increased since 2008. Here, we show RT023 strains have the unique ability to utilize xylitol, a sugar alcohol used as a food additive in humans and animals, due to the presence of a xylitol dehydrogenase (xdh) gene within a mobile genetic element (MGE). This xylitol utilization ability confers a fitness benefit in competition against other C. difficile ribotypes, as well as in a fecal community in vitro. Research investigating the underlying genetic factors driving the physiology of C. difficile will improve our understanding of colonization and hypervirulence.

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Genomic evolution and re-emergence of a multidrug-resistant Clostridioides difficile RT027 clone with reduced vancomycin susceptibility driving a prolonged hospital outbreak

Following an extended period of declining prevalence of the epidemic Clostridioides difficile ribotype 027 (RT027) in Portugal, a genetically distinct, multidrug-resistant (MDR) RT027 strain with r...

tandfonline.com

The emergence and biological characteristics of linezolid-resistant Clostridioides difficile isolates in the Asia-Pacific region

Linezolid-resistant Clostridioides difficile, conferred by the acquisition of cfr-like genes, has been reported in Europe and America. However, the emergence of linezolid resistance in C. difficile...

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Intestinal muscularis in health and disease - Communications Biology

The authors review the intestinal muscularis – an increasingly recognized neuroimmune interface that orchestrates gut homeostasis, contributes to disease pathogenesis, and represents a therapeutic tar...

nature.com

PNAS

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

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Widespread immune systems protect bacteria against conjugative plasmids

Conjugative plasmids are a class of mobile genetic elements capable of efficient transfer between bacterial cells. Although they can introduce beneficial traits such as antibiotic resistance to recipi...

biorxiv.org

A plasmid-encoded H-NS protein selectively binds its own plasmid

H-NS is an abundant nucleoid-associated protein found in Enterobacterales species. Some conjugative plasmids encode H-NS homologues, which are thought to facilitate plasmid maintenance and reduce the ...

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Direct visualisation of post-replication gap formation at the bacterial RRS

Replication risk sequences (RRS) are recently discovered genomic structural elements that trigger post-replication gap formation during replisome passage. In E. coli , the two RRS elements are nearly ...

biorxiv.org

3′ Exonuclease-mediated DNA assembly at room temperature and below

DNA assembly is a cornerstone of synthetic biology, enabling the construction of bespoke genetic systems for applications ranging from metabolic engineering to DNA nanotechnology. Conventional Gibson ...

biorxiv.org

Nature Communications Paper highlights effect of antibiotics prior to C. difficile colonization | LUCID Research

🌐Breakthrough: Nature Communications Paper highlights effect of antibiotics prior to C. difficile colonization In a paper published in Nature Communications, Annefleur Hensen and colleagues detailed...

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Carboxypeptidase activity drives L,D-transpeptidase essentiality during vegetative growth and sporulation in Clostridioides difficile

In most bacteria, peptidoglycan contains mainly 4-3 crosslinks formed by penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). But in the opportunistic pathogen Clostridioides difficile , 70% of the crosslinks are 3-3 ...

biorxiv.org

Clostridioides difficile as a Zoonotic and Foodborne Pathogen: Reviewing the Global Evidence and South African Data

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Experimental human colonisation with non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile: a placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial - Nature Communications

Experimental human colonisation with non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile shows that antibiotic-mediated microbiota disruption, particularly prolonged treatment, increases susceptibility to C. diffi...

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Multi-strain Clostridioides difficile infection: Increased detection and clinical implications

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease. Mixed infection has been previously reported. However, its cli…

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A broadly conserved gram-positive lipoprotein regulates cell elongation | PNAS

The cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) protects virtually all bacteria from osmotic lysis and specifies cell shape. Synthesis of this exoskeleton is carr...

pnas.org

A novel reverse lipase toxin substrate of the Staphylococcus aureus type VII secretion system

The type VII secretion system (T7SS) is found in many Gram-positive bacteria and secretes toxins with antibacterial activity. Most characterised substrates have an N-terminal LXG domain that interacts...

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Epistasis and co-adaptation in bacterial genome evolution - Nature Reviews Genetics

Bacterial genome evolution is shaped by epistasis, which can constrain or promote specific evolutionary paths. The authors review how integrating the effects of epistatic interactions into population-...

nature.com

Structure and substrate recognition by the bacterial twin-arginine translocation (Tat) core complex - Nature Microbiology

Cryo-EM structural, biochemical and functional analyses of the bacterial twin-arginine translocation system for protein transport across membranes reveal mechanisms of substrate binding.

nature.com

A Genomic Analysis of Community-Associated C. difficile Infection Demonstrates Integration With National and International Strain Clusters and Limited Direct Transmission

AbstractBackground. Clostridioides difficile is a life-threatening gastrointestinal infection. Once predominantly associated with healthcare exposure, comm

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The changes of fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin during Clostridioides difficile infection

Fecal calprotectin (FC) and fecal lactoferrin (FL) rise significantly in intestinal inflammation accompanied by neutrophil activation, such as Clostri…

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Specific plasmid profiles of Clostridium butyricum associated with grouped cases of necrotizing enterocolitis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an unpredictable condition that is commonly encountered in neonatal intensive care units. NEC considered one of the most severe gastrointestinal diseases affectin...

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Bacillus subtilis YpeB holds SleB inactive preventing cortex peptidoglycan degradation during spore dormancy

Bacterial endospores are encased in a thick layer of specialized peptidoglycan called the cortex that is essential for core dehydration and heat resistance. Spore germination and outgrowth requires co...

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Cross-study metagenomics analysis reveals distinct microbial signatures of urinary tract infections

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a major public health concern, increasingly complicated by rising antibiotic resistance, diminishing treatment efficacy, and increasing prevalence ...

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