Nosrat Mohammadi

@nosrat.bsky.social

Postdoctoral researcher in computational neuroscience, university of Geneva. Studying the compositional properties of syntax. Neural manifolds and emotions! webpage: nosratullah.github.io

If an action results in error, each neuron requires an individualized teaching signal that guides change in its output. This is the credit assignment problem of learning. Are there neurons in the brain that can compute such a sophisticated teaching signal? Yes. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

Climbing fibers encode the gradient of a loss function for the cerebellum

Neurons in the brain are often many synapses away from motoneurons, yet if a movement results in error, each distant neuron needs a teacher that considers its specific contribution to production of th...

biorxiv.org

New preprint! What the eyes do when searching for a visual target reveals the psychological similarity between objects, just like more classic (but much longer & tedious) tasks like triplet odd-one-out and direct comparison. www.biorxiv.org/cgi/content/... #BRAINFLOW @upcite.bsky.social @cnrs.fr

Eye movements reveal representational geometry

Mental representations are the explanatory construct of the cognitive sciences, but there is no widely accepted characterization of how they cause behavior. Visual representational geometry can be quantified by similarity scores, but almost all methods require an explicit judgment. To examine how representations cause behavior by varying task demands, observers must perform different tasks while continuously reporting similarity, leading to dual-task interference. This study develops scanpaths as an implicit similarity measure, and uses representational similarity analysis to validate it. Observers searched for a target; fixations on distractors may reveal similarity. Similarity was also quantified by an odd-one-out task in the same participants, and ratings from different participants (Jiang et al. 2022). Representational geometries between tasks correlated. A generative model predicted first fixations in novel data. This double validation of the scanpath method opens the door to examining the causality of representations by determining if and how they vary with task demands. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

biorxiv.org

new preprint! 🥳 we investigated the encoding of syntax and probability in cortical activity recorded with ECoG 🧠, and, it turns out: high-frequency cortical activity represents both features - side-by-side 🙌, and in interaction 🤝. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6... (thread to follow soon)

An image depicting the left hemisphere of the fsaverage brain three times; the top row shows the lateral view (three times), the bottom-row shows their medial view (three times). The left-most projection displays the 106 electrodes that encode syntactic information. The electrodes are widely distributed across the left hemisphere, with clusters in the anterior temporal lobe and the posterior temporal lobe/temporo-parietal junction, but also in the prefrontal cortex. The middle projection displays the 185 electrodes that encode lexical probabilistic information. There is a cluster of electrodes along the length of the superior temporal gyrus, and one in the inferior frontal gyrus. There are also electrodes in other areas of the cortex. The rightmost projection shows the 124 electrodes that encode both features. There are clusters in the superior- and middle temporal gyri, and also in the inferior frontal gyrus. There are also electrodes in other areas of the cortex.
bioRxiv Neuroscience@biorxiv-neursci.bsky.social · 2w ago

Linguistic structure and probability are jointly encoded in high gamma power https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.21.739808v1

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Our Impact Scholars @neuromatch.bsky.social project on 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗿𝗲𝘄𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝘃𝘀 𝗲𝘅𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗲 𝗻𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝘆𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗰𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝘃𝗶𝘀𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘅 is out! 
 With 𝗝𝗼𝗵𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗱𝗿𝗶𝗱-𝗖𝗮𝗿𝘃𝗮𝗷𝗮𝗹 @johnmadridcarvajal.bsky.social, 𝗞𝗮𝘁𝗷𝗮 𝗞𝗮𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗸𝗼𝘀𝗸𝗶, 𝗜𝘀𝗵𝗮𝘁𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗲𝘁 𝗦𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗵, 𝗥𝗼𝗵𝗶𝘁 𝗝𝗲𝘀𝘄𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗵. 🧠 👉 zenodo.org/records/2064... 🧵👇 1/8

Schematic of the experimental setup and our analysis. Mice experienced visual corridors containing leaf or circle patterns, with reward available only for one pattern in the rewarded cohort and no reward in the unrewarded cohort. Large-scale calcium imaging sampled neurons across V1 and higher visual areas before and after learning. Neural activity was organised into neuron × time × trial tensors and analysed with tensor component analysis. Example factors show differences between rewarded and unrewarded mice before versus after learning, including stronger separation of leaf and circle trials after rewarded learning.

Most of the statistical tests you learned in stats class — t-test, ANOVA, correlation — are actually special cases of a single thing: linear regression. Ch 7 of Experimentology argues that thinking in models, not tests, is more flexible and a better foundation for theory. 🧵 experimentology.io

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Week 3 of summer of papers! Here we go! 📣🎥📜 If a recurrent dynamical system is selected only for prediction, what structure does it evolve? Not just: can it predict complex timeseries (like Kuramoto-Sivashinsky)? But: what does prediction do to the machine? 1/n 🧵👇 arxiv.org/abs/2606.22765

Evolutionary Optimization Reveals Structural Constraints on Reservoir Architecture for Spatiotemporal Chaos

Biological systems maintain function in fluctuating environments by transforming past stimulation into internal dynamical states that support future-oriented responses. Reservoir computing provides a ...

arxiv.org

this is such a powerful way to support the international neuroscience community, and a massively rewarding experience and great line on your CV to boot. please join us!

Neuromatch@neuromatch.bsky.social · 3mo ago

We’re looking for PhD-level researchers to volunteer as Professional Development Mentors for our July 2026 courses in #CompNeuro, #DeepLearning, #NeuroAI, and #ClimateScience. The commitment is just 3 hours total (three 1-hour sessions). Learn more and apply: neuromatch.io/mentorship/

Guide learning, inspire growth. 
Apply to be a volunteer Professional Development Mentor before 29 May, 2026