Economic Policy Institute

@epi.org

The working people's think tank for 40 years. Nonprofit + nonpartisan, we use the tools of economics to defend & promote workers' interests in economic policy discussions. epi.org Newsletter: epi.org/signup/ Federal Policy Watch: epi.org/policywatch

Even if you've never been a union member, the attacks on unions have cost you money. The typical worker would be earning $5,000 more a year if unions were as strong today as they were five decades ago

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From 1979-2007, Black women with bachelor’s degrees were the only group of women to maintain labor force participation rates above 80 percent. Yet, despite their high labor force participation, highly educated Black women have been—and continue to be—systematically held back from upward mobility.

College-Educated Black Women Appear “Well-Positioned” for Labor Market Success, but Still Have Limited Opportunities for Leadership - Institute for Women’s Policy Research

iwpr.org

Julie’s on her way back from @epi.org EARN CON with lots of new research questions: looks like we may be digging into the privatization of Medicare dollars, changes to data collection in decennial census, fiscal impacts of migration enforcement, and the need for minimum wage increases. Stay tuned.

The prime-age employment-to-population ratio, the share of the population ages 25-54 with a job, ticked up in September to 80.7%, back to where it was in the spring. Overall, the prime-age EPOP remains resilient to labor market weakness in other measures. #EconSky

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The household survey is painting a rosier picture of the labor market for September. The unemployment rate ticked up slightly, but for the right reasons as both labor force participation and employment increased. There is notably more volatility in the household survey but the trend is positive.

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Slower wage growth means that with higher prices, workers and their families continue to find it difficult to make ends meet. Year-over-year real wages fell for five months in a row. When the latest price data is out on October 14, we'll learn if real wages have fallen for six months straight.

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Nominal wage growth continued to decelerate in Sept, rising just 3.0% over the year. Slowing nominal wage growth suggests workers don't have the leverage to bid up their wages. Even with low unemployment, the depressed hires rate means workers aren't finding new jobs to raise their wages. #EconSky

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Federal employment lost 1,000 jobs in September, but the deficit in the federal workforce remains stark: there are 328,000 fewer federal jobs since January 2025. The vital services federal employees provide cannot be done without these essential workers. #EconSky

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Manufacturing employment grew modestly in September, a gain of 9,000 jobs. But the fact remains that manufacturing employment is still down 21,000 jobs since January 2025. It's hardly a manufacturing boon.

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Health care employment continues to chug along, adding 17,000 in September. Modest job growth in construction, leisure and hospitality, and manufacturing. After a bounce back in August, state and local government recorded losses for September.

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Payroll employment growth has averaged 50,000 over the last three months, but it continues to be relatively volatile. Four months of jobs losses over the last year, while some notable gains recorded as well. Economic uncertainty may be at play in the latest spell of weakness and downward revisions.

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Notable weakness in today's #jobs report for this morning. Payroll employment grew by 29,000 while downward revisions to both July and August totaled 60,000. July is now recording losses. The job growth in September (29,000) is slower than the prior 12 months (45,000). #EconSky

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This morning I want to help debunk a headline I keep seeing about Black Women's unemployment: By the end of 2025, 600,000 Black women were not out of the workforce. That number signifies who got DISPLACED. The end-of-year number is actually between 217,000 and 250,000 cc @epi.org and IWPR.

The Trump admin has accelerated funding cuts of data-collecting agencies & worked to degrade their independence, including at the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This will make it harder for economists & policymakers to make timely sense of changes in the labor market.

Consequences of austerity: How reductions in BLS funding threaten the credibility of our statistics

Government funding cuts are undermining the Bureau of Labor Statistics' ability to provide the reliable information that businesses and policymakers need to make sound decisions about the economy.

epi.org