No Time to Fold: Intrinsically Disordered Microproteins in Action

Advances in genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics have uncovered the existence of thousands of translated small open reading frames less than 100–150 codons in length that encode microproteins. In ...

pubs.acs.org

biorxiv.org

Expanding the human proteome with microproteins and peptideins - Nature

A large-scale proteomics analysis of the dark proteome by the TransCODE Consortium reveals many translated non-canonical open reading frames to encode microproteins and peptideins.

go.nature.com

biorxiv.org

MicroRNA evolution and the genetic basis of placental phenotypic diversity across mammals at The University of Manchester on FindAPhD.com

PhD Project - MicroRNA evolution and the genetic basis of placental phenotypic diversity across mammals at The University of Manchester, listed on FindAPhD.com

findaphd.com

Defining the landscape of stop codon readthrough across vertebrate genomes at The University of Manchester on FindAPhD.com

PhD Project - Defining the landscape of stop codon readthrough across vertebrate genomes at The University of Manchester, listed on FindAPhD.com

findaphd.com

biorxiv.org

Evolutionary emergence and preservation of microproteins encoded by upstream ORFs

The analysis of ribosome profiling (Ribo-Seq) data has provided evidence that many eukaryotic mRNAs contain translated upstream or downstream ORFs (uORFs/dORFs), but the biological significance of this translation activity remains, for the most part, unknown. One of the principal limitations has been the lack of Ribo-Seq data from several closely related species, precluding the identification of cases in which translation is phylogenetically conserved. Here, by combining Ribo-Seq data from 100 different experiments, we identify 2,332 translated uORFs and 1,008 translated dORFs in S. cerevisiae, which result in microproteins that tend to be highly hydrophobic or positively charged. To study their phylogenetic conservation, we have generated Nanopore direct RNA sequencing data, together with Ribo-Seq data, from six additional Saccharomyces species, spanning an evolutionary period of around 16 million years. We have identified 195 translated S. cerevisiae uORFs that are also translated in other Saccharomyces species; these uORFs are translated at levels comparable to the main coding sequence and display signatures of purifying selection at the level of the encoded microproteins. In contrast, dORFs are translated at very low levels and they are rarely conserved, suggesting much more limited microprotein functionalization. We have also discovered that uORF translation is associated with the formation of alternative transcript isoforms encompassing the region containing the uORFs but not the main protein coding sequence, implying that some microproteins can be produced independently of the main protein product. This work significantly advances our understanding of how initially pervasive uORF translation can result in new microproteins, providing many new candidates for further functional studies. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. European Research Council, https://ror.org/0472cxd90, 101052538 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, PID2021- 122726NBI00, PGC2018-094091- B-I00, PID2022-136939OBI00, CEX2024-001431-M, MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 Generalitat de Catalunya, https://ror.org/01bg62x04, 2021SGR00042, 2021SGR00176

biorxiv.org

Predicting immunotherapy response of advanced bladder cancer through a meta-analysis of six independent cohorts - PubMed

Advanced bladder cancer patients show very variable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and effective strategies to predict response are still lacking. Here we integrate mutation and gene...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

XXIV Jornada de Biologia Evolutiva 2025

Data: 27 de juny de 2025 Lloc: Sala Prat de la Riba, IEC Organitza: Secció de Biologia Evolutiva de la SCB

scb.iec.cat

Translational activity of 80S monosomes varies dramatically across different tissues

Abstract. Translational regulation at the stage of initiation can impact the number of ribosomes translating each mRNA molecule. However, the translational

academic.oup.com

2025 Decoding Microproteins Across Evolution and Disease Conference GRC

The 2025 Gordon Research Conference on Decoding Microproteins Across Evolution and Disease will be held in Castelldefels, Barcelona Spain. Apply today to reserve your spot.

grc.org

The impact of human accelerated regions on neuronal development

Human accelerated regions (HARs) are the fastest-evolving sequences in the human genome since the divergence from chimpanzees. Some of these regions a…

sciencedirect.com

Genome sequencing, assembly, curation, and downstream analyses

Advances in long-read sequencing methods such as Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and scaffolding approaches using chromosome conformation capture have significantl…

meetings.embo.org

Issue: Trends in Genetics

cell.com