Prof. Sonia Garel - XII Remedios Caro Almela Prize in Developmental Neurobiology

YouTube video by INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS UMH - CSIC

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Somatic mutations reveal the ontogeny of microglia in human aging - Nature

Nature - Somatic mutations reveal the ontogeny of microglia in human aging

nature.com

A macrophage compass for pigeons

Homing pigeons’ navigation in darkness relies on Earth’s magnetic field. However, the underlying mechanism of magnetoreception remains poorly understood. Recently, Lisowski et al. demonstrated that superparamagnetic hepatic macrophages are potential magnetoreceptors that detect and transmit geomagnetic information to support the navigation of pigeons.

dlvr.it

Microglial states revisited: from homeostasis to disease - Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Transcriptomic microglial states are shaped by development, ageing, genetics, environment and disease. In this Review, Eggen and Kooistra discuss how the formation of so-called hidden immune-memory st...

nature.com

Human-specific SRGAP2 paralogs synchronize neotenic microglial maturation and synaptic development

Using a combination of microglia-specific conditional mouse knockout and knockin approaches and xenotransplantation of human iPSC-derived microglia, Diaz-Salazar et al. demonstrate that the human-specific genes SRGAP2B/C, which downregulate the ancestral SRGAP2A, are necessary and sufficient to induce neotenic features of microglial structural maturation, leading to delayed timing of synaptic development in cortical pyramidal neurons.

dlvr.it

The pyroptosis cascade between inflammatory endothelial cells and microglia facilitates BBB disruption in bacterial meningitis

Zheng et al. reveal a pyroptosis cascade of interactions between endothelial cells and microglia, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory BBB disruption caused by neonatal meningitis-causing Escherichia coli (NMEC).

dlvr.it

Microglia extract neuronal proteolytic organelles via skoupocytosis

Neurons face unique challenges in maintaining protein homeostasis due to their tortuous morphology and extended processes. Proteolytic organelles are typically transported retrogradely towards their s...

biorxiv.org

Disease-associated microglia adopt stage-specific phenotypes that regulate T cell fate and immunity in glioma

How brain-resident microglia regulate T cell immunity during glioma progression remains unclear. Qian et al. show that disease-associated microglia (DAMs) are not fixed suppressors but instead evolve with tumor stage. DAMs transition from antigen-presenting and checkpoint-regulatory states to T cell-clearing programs, shaping local T cell responses in the brain.

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Embryonic and postnatal macrophages are necessary for proper tooth development and homeostasis - Nature Communications

Our study establishes macrophages as necessary components of the developing tooth microenvironment to maintain their morphology and function. By integrating complementary experimental approaches, we s...

nature.com

Macrophage-derived oxysterols organize T helper 2 cells to suppress type 1 inflammation during pulmonary fungal infection

Macrophage-derived oxysterols recruit GPR183+ TH2 cells into fungal lesions, suppressing type 1 immunity and promoting pathogen persistence.

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Restored clearance of senescent neutrophils by tissue-resident macrophages limits organ aging

Aging disrupts tissue homeostasis across organ systems. Here, we identify tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) as central coordinators of age-related organ decline through impaired clearance of senescen...

doi.org

The lasting legacy of motherhood in the gut

While pregnancy suppresses systemic immunity to tolerate the fetus, adaptations of the gut remain unclear. In a recent issue of Nature, Huang et al. show that reproduction increases intestinal eosinophils, shifting intestinal stem cell fate toward goblet cells and protection from enteric pathogens. This phenomenon begins in pregnancy, peaks during lactation, and persists weeks after lactation cessation.

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Functional heterogeneity of macrophages in distinct niches of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by a highly complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment in which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are particularly abundant. TAMs regulate tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapy response, making them attractive targets. However, targeting TAMs remains challenging due to their remarkable plasticity and functional heterogeneity. Recent high-throughput multi-omics studies have revealed that the HCC microenvironment consists of distinct regions defined by cellular architecture, such as the fibrotic invasive margin, perivascular niche, poorly vascularized hypoxic/necrotic areas, and cancer stem cell niche, each associated with unique protumorigenic properties. This review summarizes TAM heterogeneity across liver niches, disease stages, and treatment contexts, and evaluates TAM-targeted strategies, emphasizing key unresolved challenges to improving HCC outcomes.

dlvr.it

Programming macrophage polarization with synthetic cytokine receptors - Nature Reviews Immunology

A preprint by Lunger et al. reports macrophage engineering through constitutively active synthetic cytokine receptors to induce polarization states that are unobtainable with natural cytokine receptor...

nature.com