Immunology Research: Findings from UniSR-Tsinghua

Immunology research from the UniSR-Tsinghua symposium reveals new cancer immunotherapy targets and deepens the brain-immune system dialogue.

blog.unisr.it

Lysosomal dysfunction drives a transcriptional and epigenetic signature found in disease-associated microglia in neurodegenerative diseases

Lysosomal dysfunction is associated with neurodegeneration. Balak et al. examine the cell-specific effects of lysosomal dysfunction in an MPS-IIIA (Sgsh−/−) model and find that microglia are disproportionately affected. Mechanistically, the MITF/TFE transcription factors cooperate with AP-1/ATF, C/EBP, and PU.1 to drive a lysosome-dependent program within microglia that is shared across neurodegeneration models and Alzheimer’s disease.

dlvr.it

Two differentiation pathways generate large peritoneal macrophages with one replenishing mesothelial border macrophages

Gata6-independent, −165 kb Zeb2 enhancer–dependent large cavity macrophages in peritoneal fluid can replenish mesothelial macrophages.

science.org

Prof. Sonia Garel - XII Remedios Caro Almela Prize in Developmental Neurobiology

YouTube video by INSTITUTO DE NEUROCIENCIAS UMH - CSIC

youtu.be

Somatic mutations reveal the ontogeny of microglia in human aging - Nature

Nature - Somatic mutations reveal the ontogeny of microglia in human aging

nature.com

Assistant Professor: Neuroimmunology

Salk Institute seeks an Assistant Professor in neuroimmunology to study nervous and immune system interactions linked to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

dementiaresearcher.nihr.ac.uk

Mitochondrial accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction result in mitochondrial plaques in Alzheimer’s disease - Nature Neuroscience

Researchers identify mitochondrial plaques, a previously unrecognized and highly acidic mitochondria-based pathological structure in Alzheimer’s disease, and demonstrate that they result from the dual...

nature.com

Reactivation of mammalian regeneration by turning on an evolutionarily disabled genetic switch

Mammals display prominent diversity in the ability to regenerate damaged ear pinna, but the genetic changes underlying the failure of regeneration remain elusive. We performed comparative single-cell ...

science.org

Disease-associated microglia adopt stage-specific phenotypes that regulate T cell fate and immunity in glioma

How brain-resident microglia regulate T cell immunity during glioma progression remains unclear. Qian et al. show that disease-associated microglia (DAMs) are not fixed suppressors but instead evolve with tumor stage. DAMs transition from antigen-presenting and checkpoint-regulatory states to T cell-clearing programs, shaping local T cell responses in the brain.

dlvr.it

Embryonic and postnatal macrophages are necessary for proper tooth development and homeostasis - Nature Communications

Our study establishes macrophages as necessary components of the developing tooth microenvironment to maintain their morphology and function. By integrating complementary experimental approaches, we s...

nature.com

Mucosal tissue cues shape B cell memory through the IgA BCR

Divergent B cell memory strategies evolved in lung and gut mucosa to counteract recurrent pathogens.

science.org

Brain endothelial cells orchestrate a neuroprotective antiviral state in the CNS in response to peripheral viral pattern sensing

West Nile virus and other neurotrophic arboviruses can cause life-threatening encephalitis. Lewy et al. identify a cross-organ immune circuit where viral pattern sensing in the skin potently counteracts viral encephalitis. Mechanistically, the establishment of this neuroprotective state depends on systemic type I interferon, which is sensed and relayed into the brain by endothelial cells to mitigate encephalitis.

dlvr.it

Astrocytic lipid dysregulation as an early driver of neurodegeneration

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 13 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41582-026-01238-3This Review highlights the central role of astrocytes in brain lipid homeostasis and reviews evidence for astrocytic lipid dysregulation in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia and Huntington disease. The authors propose that targeting of astrocytic lipid homeostasis represents a promising strategy for preventing or minimizing neurodegeneration.

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