Microbiology | Andrew Darwin Lab | United States

Andrew Darwin Laboratory website. Academic Microbiology research laboratory at NYU School of Medicine. New York, NY, USA.

andrewdarwinlab.org

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(26)00345-4

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cell.com

Mitochondrial l-2-hydroxyglutarate is a physiological signalling metabolite - Nature

l-2-Hydroxyglutarate is identified as a legitimate physiological signalling metabolite, and control of its levels is essential for postnatal growth and survival and correct renal development and funct...

nature.com

Leukemia study restores silenced gene in mice. Could it point to new treatments for humans?

Researchers created a CRISPR-based tool to pinpoint genes the cancer turns off

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Prague Metabolism Symposium 2026 – Prague Metabolism Symposium 2026

praguemetabolismsymposium.com

Systematic Evaluation Defines the Limits of Ferroptosis in Cancer Therapy

Ferroptosis is a cell death mechanism characterized by the accumulation of iron-catalyzed lipid peroxides in membrane lipid acyl chains and subsequent loss of membrane integrity.1 Despite thorough investigation of its mechanisms in cultured cells, induction of ferroptosis has unresolved clinical utility in cancer therapy. Here, we systematically evaluate ferroptosis induction via multiple mechanisms, in both cell and tumor models, using focused genetic screens, genetic loss-of-function systems, and pharmacological perturbations. Through this analysis we identify cancer cell line subsets with distinct responses to canonical ferroptosis inducers and suppressors and define the underpinnings of each. Inhibition of central in vitro ferroptosis suppressors GPX4, GCLC, or SLC7A11 across these multiple models fails to impact established tumor growth. In contrast, deficiency in the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase and pharmacologic GCLC inhibition potently induces tumor regression and triggers a form of non-ferroptotic cell death regulated by cystine availability and translation. These analyses further reveal that the principal essential function of environmental cystine in cultured cells is to support selenoprotein function, identified through investigating our finding that beta-mercaptoethanol supports exponential growth in cystine-free conditions. Thus, while ferroptosis activation may be efficacious alone or in combination with other therapies in specific tumor contexts, cell culture systems greatly overestimate the potential anti-cancer effects of ferroptosis induction via the GPX4 axis. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. NIH Common Fund, R01CA286141, R01GM132491, P30CA016087

biorxiv.org

NY medical schools press Gov. Hochul to put up billions for scientific research

The request comes amid continuing uncertainty over federal funding, with research and thousands of jobs on the line.

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Mutations in mitochondrial ferredoxin FDX2 suppress frataxin deficiency - Nature

A forward genetic screen in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals that decreased levels of the ferredoxin FDX2 suppress the loss of frataxin in worms and in mice by relief of FDX2 inhibition of fra...

nature.com

Functionally dominant hotspot mutations of mitochondrial ribosomal RNA genes in cancer

Nature Genetics - Analysis of 14,106 tumor genomes highlights recurrent mutations in mitochondrial ribosomal RNA encoded within the mitochondrial genome. Mutations occur at hotspot positions and...

rdcu.be

Machine-learning-guided discovery of SLC25A45 as a mediator of mitochondrial methylated amino acid import and carnitine synthesis

Khan et al. apply machine learning to identify substrates of UNC93A, SLC45A4, and SLC25A45. Biochemical assays and in vivo metabolite tracing establish SLC25A45 as a key mediator of mitochondrial impo...

cell.com

GCN1 couples GCN2 to ribosomal state to initiate amino acid response pathway signaling

During nutrient deprivation, activation of the protein kinase GCN2 regulates cell survival and metabolic homeostasis. In addition to amino acid stress, GCN2 is activated by a variety of cellular stres...

science.org

Basal cell of origin resolves neuroendocrine–tuft lineage plasticity in cancer

Nature - Basal cells, rather than neuroendocrine cells, have been identified as the probable origin of small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine–tuft cancers, explaining...

rdcu.be

Rewiring of cortical glucose metabolism fuels human brain cancer growth - Nature

The cortex fuels essential physiological processes with glucose-derived carbon, while gliomas fuel their aggressiveness by rerouting glucose carbon pathways and scavenging alternative carbon sources s...

nature.com

PEX39 facilitates the peroxisomal import of PTS2-containing proteins - Nature Cell Biology

Chen et al. show that PEX39 cooperates with PEX7 in the peroxisomal import of proteins containing a PTS2 site and uncover an (R/K)PWE motif in PEX39 and PEX13 that binds to PEX7 and facilitates the im...

nature.com

Transient APC/C inactivation by mTOR boosts glycolysis during cell cycle entry - Nature

APC/C activity is transiently inhibited to generate a pulse of glycolysis that is required for mammalian cell cycle entry.

nature.com

Conservation and divergence of metabolic phenotypes between patient tumours and matched xenografts - Nature Metabolism

Rao and Cai et al. perform a detailed metabolic comparison between primary tumours from patients and their matching xenografts, which identify conserved as well as divergent metabolic patterns.

nature.com

In 2019, scientists discovered Jo Cameron, a Scottish woman with a rare genetic mutation that prevents her from feeling pain, anxiety, or fear and allows her to heal without scarring. | Science Acumen

In 2019, scientists discovered Jo Cameron, a Scottish woman with a rare genetic mutation that prevents her from feeling pain, anxiety, or fear and allows her to heal without scarring. This condition...

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Child walks again after receiving experimental treatment for rare genetic condition

NYU Langone researchers have helped an 8-year-old boy regain mobility using an experimental treatment.

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Dallas researchers find cancer’s secret weapon to defeat death

Cancers use lipids to build a shield with vitamin E. Stripping that shield could lead to new treatments.

dallasnews.com

Uridine

Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside composed of an uracil base and a ribose sugar. In cells, uridine is predominantly present in RNA (as uridine monophosphate, UMP). Uridine can be produced through de ...

cell.com

Stem Cell–Derived, Fully Differentiated Islets for Type 1 Diabetes | NEJM

Zimislecel is an allogeneic stem cell–derived islet-cell therapy. Data on the safety and efficacy of zimislecel in persons with type 1 diabetes are needed. We conducted a phase 1–2 study of zimisle...

nejm.org

People With Severe Diabetes Are Cured in Small Trial of New Drug

nytimes.com

Mitochondrial calcium signaling regulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism in fibrolamellar carcinoma

Mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling regulates branched-chain amino acid catabolism in an adolescent liver cancer.

science.org

Ribosomes modulate transcriptome abundance via generalized frameshift and out-of-frame mRNA decay

Zhang et al. identify a regulatory mechanism for how cells adapt to nutrient scarcity through widespread −1 ribosomal frameshifts, culminating in accelerated mRNA decay. This process, dependent on codon optimality and conserved across species, establishes direct feedback coupling the translation of new proteins with the stability of the mRNA that encodes for them.

dlvr.it

Activation of lysosomal iron triggers ferroptosis in cancer - Nature

Some cancer cells exhibit high loads of reactive iron in lysosomes, and this feature is exploited by using fentomycin-1, a newly developed small molecule, to induce ferroptosis.

nature.com